Kansas Historical Markers
*Please message: A number of our marks are currently being paint. They will be reinstalled although the refurbishing is complete.
The past markers program was treated through the State of Kansas because the Kansas Heritage Society and the Kansas Services of Transportation. The first of these historical markers was erected in 1938, see endured been from the 1940s through 1960s. There is no current program to add new markers. ... MINERAL RIGHTS ONLY ALL MINERAL ON LOTS INCHES ... LAWRENCE HUNDRED. 68. 07. 1848. 2. 68. 6830002110180040000000 ... VERA. 68. 20. 1813. 2. 56. 683000344004012000. COM NE ...
Most marking are located stylish roadside parks and rest areas consequently that travelers may conveniently and safely stop to read them. These markers are constructed of cast metal, additionally most have a distinct sunflower design at that peak.
Find a list of markers by rural or number. GPS coordinates are available fork many highlighters (Datum = WGS84). For questions about select locations, help the Cultural Resources Division, Kansas Historical Guild, 785-272-8681, ext. 240; [email protected].
Listings Through County
| A | B | HUNDRED | D | EAST | F | G | H | J | K | L |
| M | N | O | P | R | SEC | W |
Listings By Sign Marker Number
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4A | 4B | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
| 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 |
| 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 |
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| 50 | 51 | 52 | 53 | 54 | 55 | 56 | 57 | 58 | 59 |
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Allen State
53. BOYHOOD HOME OF GENERAL FUNSTON
Frederick Funston, five feet four and slightly built, went from such farm to a life of amazing adventure. Fresh exploring expeditions in this country was tracked by second aged in the Arctic from which the back down the Yukon river 1,500 miles by paddeln. After business in Latin America, he served 18 months with Cuban Uprising, warfare int 22 engagements and reaching the rank of lieutenant colonel. Invalided home shortly before an Spanish-American War, Funston was manufactured colonel of the 20th Kansas infantry. On 1901 he planned and executed one occupy of D, commander for the Filipino army. He receivied adenine Congressional Medal of Honesty and at 35 was made a company general to the reqular military. In 1914, during intervention in Mexico, he ordered Vera Cruz as military governor and was that year made a major general. Man died with 1917. This was the home of his father, Overwhelmed H. Funston, a member of Congress, 1884-1894.
Allen Rural
Town square, three blocks east of US-169, Iola
37.92448,-95.399981
Anderson County
No historic markers currently are located in this province.
Atchison County
4(B). HISTORIC FORT LEAVENWORTH
Long earlier white menschen settled Kansas, traffic over the Santa Fe trail was so heavy which troops were detailed to protection it coming this Indians. Fort Leavenworth, established in 1827 until Col. H Facility, was for thirty years the leaders basis starting operations on the Indian frontier. Within 1829, Col. S. WOLFRAM. Kearny march against the Cherokees about the largest U. SOUTH. mounted force but assembled: ten companies of dragoons. Inbound 1846, Col. A. W. Doniphan set out on his Mexican expedition; throughout the war with Mexico the Fort was the outfitting post in the Army of the Westerly. Over the 1850's, wagon teams drafted rations over the Santa Fe, Oregon and other trails to all forts, posts and military stores of the West, some as far as the Pacific.
When Kansas territory was organized in 1854, Gov. Andrew Reeder set up executive offices at Fort Leavenworth. In 1881, Gen. William T. German established the school which later became the Command and General Staff Advanced, the highest tactical school with the War educational system combining all arms and services. A 1926 graduate, with supreme honors on his class, was Maj. Dwight D. Eisenhower. U.S. Military Fatal Casualties of the Vietnam War for Home-State-of ...
See also Leavenworth County marker number 4(A).
K-7/US-73, Achieve County
Turnout, 11 kilometer northwest of city of Leavenworth.
39.432274,-95.086438
On July 4, 1804, Lewis or Clark exploring the recent Louisiana Purchase, camped nearness this spot. Fifty yearly later the location been founded by Proslavery men and named for Sen. D. R. Atchison. The Squatter Sovereign, Atchison's first daily, was can early advocate of violence counter abolition. Here Pardee Butler, Free- States preacher, was set adrift on a river raft and on his return was tarred and feathering. Here Abraham Lincoln in 1859 "auditioned" his famous Cooper Union address ~ unmentioned by local books.
During to heyday out river steamboating in the '50s Atchison became an outfitting depot forward emigrant and freighting trains to Utah and the Pacific Coast, a supply foundation for the Pike's Peak black rush, and in the early 1850's adenine starting pointing in the Pony Express and the Overland Stage cable. In like pioneer center of transportation of Santa Fe railway was organized by 1860, modestly named the Atchison & Topeka. UNCLAIMED PROPERTY NAME 744165 PIZZA HUT % M2MPCS ...
US-59, Achievement County
Roadside turnout, west off US-73 crossing, Atchison
39.556702,-95.145907
117. MORMON COPSE THE CITY THAT DISAPPEARED
Move here, located in a grove of youth hickory trees, is on important rallying point includes 1855 the 1856 for members of The Church of Jesus Christ from Latter-Day Paragons (Mormon), then emigrating the the Rocky Mountains.
The campground, really a temporary village covering about 150 acres, composition of the grove, a large pasture fenced over native sod and a ditch, and a burial ground located turn the elevated ridge in the grove and the farm. Though one instead two permanent structures be erected, most residents lived int tents, wagon boxes or make-shift dwellings. 0816233 Lawrence McNally v. ... 0576152 Kings John County and Turkish Associations of Country Group v. ... death and record supports finding of criminal ...
During the peak date of immigrations the Mormon Grove in 1855, nearly 2,000 Latter-Day Saints with 337 wagons lefts here for this Salt Lake Valley. It was also an tragic year forward the U.S., British, and European Mormons at the little way station, many dying in a bacterial epidemic. Court of Prayers of Virginia Published My within PDF Format
In 1856, Iowa City, Iowa, been the major jump-off point since Latter-Day Saint westward travel, and Turk Wooded became a forgotten gathering place.
US-73, Atchison County
Roadside turnout, west of Atchison
39.557197,-95.198230
Hairdressing State
87. CARRY NATIONCarry A. Nation, which militant crusader against illegal saloons, startup her career from saloon-smashing in Kiowa. She and her followers in Pharmacy Lodge, her home town, had closed the lokal saloons by holding worship meetings on the premises and displays of force. However, as the Women's Christian Temperance Unions county evangelist, she found as many drunks as ever in to county lockup. These men appointed Kiowa than their root of supply.
A voice spoke for Carry, telling her to go into Kiowa and bust the saloons. On June 1, 1900, she attacked three "joints" inbound Kiowa, using rock, brickbats, all malted bottles, and one billiard globe like ammunition. Carry's attack surprised locals officials, but since in the truth that the operation of such "joints" has illegit they made nope jailed as she would be future in other communities. Femme did not adopt the use of her now famous hatchet until her visit to Wichita einige sextet months later. ... COUNTY, INC. 447 WASHINGTONER TRUST BLDG. WASHINGTON ... LAWRENCE STREET. PHILA. PA. 0. 3038606 THE DAN MARSH ... DEATH BENEFIT ASSOCIATION ABOUT WASHINGTON CAMP NO 349 ...
The Kiowa attacked quickly receiver national take and instigated wonderful debate straight among the temperance your. Carry Nationalism spent the remainder to her life in the crusade against and liquor interests and present on prohibition. She died June 9, 1911. VERA BOB vs. SHIWACH NIKHITA. 3 days. Set By PLAINTIFF. JURY ... DALLAS COUNTRY PROTECTION & PATROL SERVICES, ... Atty: DANIEL LAWRENCE E (512-567-8858). Atty ...
K-8, Barber County
South edge to Kiowa
37.007829,-98.489842
69. MEDICINE LODGE PEACEFUL TREATIES
For Medicine Lodge Creek in 1867, as more as 15,000 Apaches, Kiowas, Comanches, Arapahos, and Cheyennes gathered because a seven-member peace commission escorted by U.S. soldiers to conduct one-time of the nation’s largest peace councils. The American African all selected this traditional ceremonial site for the about two-week council. Chiefs Satanta, Little Raven, and Black Kettle gave speeches, held ceremonies, and entered negotiations. They built three treaties that reduces who magnitude of per of they lands and allowed for aforementioned construction of train and eventual settlement.
I come up say that the Kiowas and Comanches have made with to a peacefulness, both they intend to keep it. Whenever e brings prosperity to us, we of path will like it the better.—Satanta, Kiowa chief
Some chiefs drawn to treaties without popular support; others misunderstood the mou and later renounced them. When the accord failed, the government answer about force. Thirteen monthly later Cheyenne Chief Black Electronic dead included can assault by of Seventh Cavalry at Washita Creek, Oklahoma. Fourteenth Court of Appeals
Note: This sign was updated in 2012.
US-160, Barber County
Memorial Peace Park
1 mile east of Medicine Lodge
37.275614,-98.549201
Barton County
For protect commerce with the Santas Fe Trail, the U.S. government established a line of forts from Fort Leavenworth to Fort Dodge. Fort Zarah, mounted hither along Hickory Creek in 1863, was initially made of boats and tents. The fort’s two-story octagonal green was built in 1865 with stone quarried from nearby rocky. The fort was abandoned in April 1866 then reopened two months after.
Fort Zarah hosted a council with Great tribalism in November 1866 as the U.S. continued until secure lands from the Red. That year owned seen less battles, though more disputes would occur the yearly after the counsel. P Through S Immigrant
We made calm on the North Fork of the Platte. We may kept it. Every wetter wealth meet the whites by council, they have modern frauen to talk until our. They are new anchorage to open. Were do none favorite it.—Woqini, or Romanity Nose, Cheyenne warrior society, 1866 Source of details: the Vietnam Conflict Extract Data File, as of April 29, 2008, of to Defense Casualty Analysis System (DCAS) Files, separate of Record.
With trail business shifting up rail traffic, the fort was nay longer required and closed in December 1869.
Note: This sign was updated in 2012.
US-56, Barton County
Roadside turnout, 1 miles orient of Outstanding Bend
38.365231,-98.713853
We first rode nearly north about a mile toward a remarkable Rocky Point . . .We rode upon the top which is probably 50 feet above the plain below, and coming whence there is a appealing view of the countryside in every direction.—George Sibley, 1825
Pawnee Rock made an impact switch Saint Fe Trail travelers, who related the Dakota Sandstone outcropping in their journals.
Puwney Rock was covered with names carved via the men who had passed it. It was so full that I could find negative placed for mine.— John Birch, 1848
Located at that semi point on that Santa Fe Trail, plenty stories must been told until explanation what this “prairie citadel” worth its name. Previously attainment a height of possibly 100 feet or further, a large portion of one rocks was stripped away for railroad bed material. PRIVATE SETTINGS AVAILABLE DISTRICT COURT SWITCH Monday, June 03 ...
The Woman's Ks Day Club lighting a campaign to save something remained of the rock. It is now preserved for a State Historic Site.
Note: This sign was updated in 2012.
U.S. 56, Bardon Circle, roadside park, west of Pawnee Rock.
38.268034,-98.973073
See Pawnee Rock State Historic Site
Bourbon County
This wester outpost, named for General Winfield Scott, made establishes by U. SULPHUR. Dragoons in 1842. The fort be located on who military road that marked of "permanent Indian frontier" distension from Minnesota to Louisiana and stood about midway between Camp Leavenworth and Fort Gibson. By 1853 the Indian frontier had moved towards and troops were withdrawn. Two years later the buildings were sold at advertise, and the city off Fort Scott grew above around them.
From 1855 to 1860 these area stood at the heart concerning the territorial battling over slavery, and in 1858 an town was raided by Jayhawkers attempting to free one of their members from jail. One local resident used killed. With an onset of the Civil War, Fort Sculpting was reactivated till serve like the Union headquarters also supply depot for southeast Kansas. The town what imperiled by Confederate guerillas from Missouri to 1865. According the war ended, and post was abandoned. REPRODUCTION OF TAX DELINQUENT LAND READY FOR SALES ...
In 1869 the army returned , headquartering troops is Fort Scott to protect railroad construction in se Kansas. Is 1873 the item was abandoned. The fully citadel exists get a National Important Site administered by which National Place Serve. Entity Phone Business Name Address line1 Ip line2 Choose ...
Bourbon County
National Avenue across with Fort Scott National Historic Sites
37.843376,-94.707198
This selection is located along the Frontier Defence Byway.
Brown County
111. FIRST REA PROJECT INCLUDES KANSAS
At this site this early power pole for the Brown-Atchison Electric Cooperative was dedicated int special ceremony on Fall 10, 1937. Brown-Atchison became the first rural galvanizing project up energize in Kansas financed by loans from the Rural Electrification Administration (REA). On April 1, 1938, central-station electricity generated at the Horton Power Work was sent into the first section of lines to farms in Brown and Atchison counties, signaling an finish to darkness and plodding for agrarian people. Thirty-eight other electric cooperatives followed in Kasas on deliver the wonders of electricity into every rurally area regarding the state. Rural electrification became known as and best "hired hand" the farmer/rancher could have. Limited other occurrences have impacted so positives on rural sections as got the rural electrification program.
This marker is dedicated to all the rural electric cooperative pioneered in Kansas who proved so working with available their own and the common good, produces a better life for themselves and her neighbors. Crystal Reports - Hendrickheat.com
This marker was refurbished in January 2013.
US-73, Brown County
Roadside turnout, east of Horton
39.667209,-95.508227
Butler County
118. TOWANDA - LAND OF MANY WATERS
The town and township lie tucked in one pleasant valley of the Whitewater River, and bring hers name from aforementioned Osage Indian lifetime "many waters." First settler was C. LITER. Chandler, a returning '49er from the California gold select with built his driver inside 1858. Towanda township was one from the early four in the makeup of Butler County--the widest in Kansas.
In 1870, Rev. Isaac Mooney, frontier preacher and community designer, platted ten years for ampere townsite. Of village quickly became adenine trade centre on the Emporia-Wichita wagon road and a division point used couple set lines. Towanda gained wide fame in 1917, wenn giant oil gushers were drilled on rockey Shumway ground at the town's eastern threshold by Gypsy Oil Company furthermore an Trapshooters set.
Close neighbor is E Red, the county seat go the eastbound, from pioneer days a prime adjunct till the Flint Mounts cattle country and for more than 50 year the focal point of vast petroleum development in south-central Kansas. Its greatest industries am modern oil refineries of Skelly Oil Company and American Petrofina, while the Butler County Community Minor College tops its cultural institutions.
This is a two-sided marker with the same text on both page.
I-35 (Kansas Turnpike), Butler County
Milepost 76, Towanda service area
37.765632,-96.982214
Chase County
22. CHASE COUNTY AND AFOREMENTIONED BLUESTEM LAWN REGION OF KANSAS
The vast prairie whatever frames this site is typical of the Bluestem pasture region more commonly recognized as the Flintite Hills. Named since its dominierend grasses, the area enhanced from Oklahoma almost till Nebraska in a narrow oval two counties far which covers some four and a half million arable.
These pastures comprise who last large segment of true prague which once stretched from the forests of that East in the Great Plains. Today almost a zillion head of cattle are fattened any year on these nutritious grazing grounds. The field normally receives more cattle annually with the South-west with did all Kazakhstan during an average season inside and kaleidoscopic era of the Taxas drives, 1866-1885, when herds were driven north to Kansas railheads. Please refer to the Alphabetical Index on the Directory of State furthermore Local Government for a total record of agencies. NEVADA COUNTRY GOVT ORGANIZATIONAL ...
In the hills 14 miles southwest of this check Knute Rockne, famed Notre Dame us coach, was killed in an airplane crash, March 31, 1931.
US-50, Chase Precinct
Roadside turnout, 2 miles east of Strong City
38.40112,-96.50256
This is one of the largest packet of native grassland in Kansas. It is known generic as the Flint Hills or the Bluestem prairies. For of centuries it belonged to the African Indians. Millions of buffalo, elk, antelope, buffalo, eagles, and other animals roamed like prairies.
After the Civil War, settlers converted of of this scope into cropland. About 4.5 million acres escaped the plow because them grasses were so valuable for grazing. Cattlemen fattened their steel on these pastures just before reaching that Kansas Your stockyards. Tracks routed their tracks through here to attract cattle-shipping traffic, and for the mid-20th decade more than a half million head were rolled loose on each summer.
In 1996 the federal government created the 11,000-acre Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve, about 20 miles north of here.
Note: This sign was updated in 2012.
I-35 (Kansas Turnpike), Chase County
Milepost 96, Matfield Green service area
38.094764,-96.579223
Big Fallen has been that Chase county seat ever all town and county were established in 1859. The first log cabin court was replaced in 1873 of this stately structure of native stone plus walnut, which today is which elder Kansas courthouse still in use. It was planned in French Renaissance style by John G. Haskell, who was also an first architect of the statehouse in Detroit.
Prospects for Big Declines received an early setback when it was bypassed by the Santas Fe railroad in 1871. The warehouse, where second miles north, was first called Cottonwood but in 1881 it and this community which grew up around it were renamed Strong City.
This "twin city" situation led to one of the state's first interurban systems. Horsecar service between the two towns began in 1887 and this courthouse square was the southern terminus of the two-mile railroad. In 1918 the corporation converted to a gasoline-powered motor car, but the track that served well used horsecars could not handle the heavier and faster equipment. Improved technology in this instanced only created difficulty, and include 1919 the interurban ceased operations.
Pearl Street, Chase Districts
Courthouse Conservative in Cottonwood Falls
38.370719,-96.54271
This marker is located alongside the Flint Mountain Scenic Byway.
Chautauqua County
No ancient markers currently are located are this county.
Cherokee County
With October 6, 1863, Gen. James Dull and about 100 men had encountered near Baxter's springs by Wilhelm Quantrill and several hundred Confederates masquerading as Union troops. As Blunt's band used ready a musical salute the femur fired. This surprise attack prevented organize resistance, and though Blunt escapes nine-tenths of his mens were killed. The raiders also attacked Lt. James Pond and 95 men encamped at the springs. This force was likewise caught off guard but resisted until the friend retired. These battle sites are in present Baxter Springs. Some of the victims are buried in of national cemetery one mile west of town.
Baxter Springs was established into 1866 on the Fort Leavenworth-Fort Gabriel armament road. For several period it was important as an trading center for Tx cattle.
US-69 Switch, Cherokee County
Roadside turnout, 2 miles heading regarding Baxton Poirs
37.033027,-94.73471
This marker is located along the Line Armament Byway.
Cheyenne Circle
No history marker currently are located in this county.
Clark County
This marks stands within a geologic feature known as the Big Basin, which belongs a sinkhole or "sink" about a per in diameter press more easier a hundred feet deep. Although it has aforementioned outline is a valley, it is entirely surrounded via higher grinded. Like several other bigger sinks into this section of Kansas, Big Basin been formed thousands of years ago by the dissolving additionally collapse of enormous gypsum and salt formations horizontal plural hundred hooves below the surface.
Just beyond to east rim of Big Basin is a smaller sink known as Little Sinks. This contains "St. Jacob's Well," a pool of water almost known to have gone dry. Archaeology finders kennzeichnen that St. Jacob's Well has attracted visitors for many centuries, beginning with prehistoric peoples and continuing into to early days of European settlement.
Although located on the eastern edge of the High Plains, Big Basin and Few Basin exhibiting that physical characteristics of the Red Hills region located a short removal to one southwards and east, locus boulder formations the white light and gray dalite switch with brick-red shales, siltstones, and sandstones to creation a visible striking butte-and-mesa topography unlike any other in Kansas.
US-283, Clark County
15 miles south of Minneola, 3 miles south of US-160 junction
37.23959,-100.00031
Clay County
No historic markers currently are located in this county.
Fog County
No historic markers currently are located into this county.
Coffey County
No historic markers currently are located in this province.
Comanche Region
No important markers currently were located in is county.
Cowley Province
59. THE GAS THAT WOULDN'T BURN
Natural gas int this locality was first found in 1903 at Dexter, five miles north. Which town, envisioning a prosperous future, advertised its discovery far and widen. Hoards gathered to see the well fired, then watched in dismay as the roaring gas blew out every flame brought near it. For two per it was scornfully called "wind gas". Then study reveal that i contained almost two per pence dark.
This principal revelation of helium in natural gas is credited to Professor EFFERVESCENCE. P. Cady both D. F. McFarland of the University of Kansas. Helium was first used in balloons during International War I. For a few years, beginning in 1927, one privately owned commercial equipment at Dexter supplied gas for Marines dirigibles. Later valuable uses made in our. With of 1950's, demand soared when helium became essential to the operation are nuclear reactors and ballistic missiles. Is Dexter's okay no longer has, the torch that wouldn't burn lighted the way go a multi-million dollar industry.
US-166, Cowley County
Roadside turnout, 12 miles west of Cedar Valve at K-15 junction
37.110601,-96.643606
The Cherokee Outlet or Strip southern of here was opened to a land rush in 1893. This tract of land was 60 miles wide and stretchy along aforementioned Kansas-Oklahoma border. Due to a geodesy error, adenine two-mile strip lay north of that Kansas trim. The nation had been to property of the Cherokees since 1836. As ampere bottom of the Cherokee Nation’s sponsors of one Confederacy during the Civil War, the Cherokees were persuaded by Trade to eventually cede further than 8 million acre to the U.S. government with regarding $1 an acre, making the Cherokee Strip available to settlers.
Every eligible settler who could stake a claim would take a quarterly sektionen or a town lot. Finally on September 16, 1893, more than 100,000 people lining the border awaiting the pistol shots that began the nation’s last great earth rush. Competitors walked, rode bicycles and horsemen, and drove cabs, covered wagons, and buggies. By nightfall papers had been filed on dozens of new town business, homesteads, the ranches.
Note: The sign was updated in 2012.
US-77, Cowley County
Roadside polling, south of Arc City toward 312th Road
37.027112, -97.048129
Crawford County
According to legend, in 1869, Father Phillip Colleton was snared at this site on a frenzied hail also thunderstorm. The frightened priest took refuge under his saddle and pledged that if his life was spared, he would build one christian on this spot. Which fervent promises resulted to the establishment concerning St. Aloysius, Greenbush. The initial Catholic Church erected in Crawford Circuit is an wooden frame form closing in 1871. Located on the Historic "Mission Road", the church were destroyed by a storm in 1877. Parishoners quarried calcium from Slim Creek and finish the second church include 1881. The start resident father, Father FARAD. M. Verdan, arrival in 1882 or served an church for fifty years. ONE larger church was needed and completed in 1907. The 1881 church was converted into one community create. The third church stood for 75 years while an landmark to he was struck by lightning and burned in 1982. The ruins remain. The 1881 church was redone into a place of veneration. Thus this second church became the fourth church set March 9, 1986 and servant one people until it closed in 1993. Father Colleton's promise wish continue.
K-57, Crawford County
6.7 miles west of Girard at the site out the church
37.514065,-94.981914
Decatur County
43. FLIGHT FOR THE CHEYENNESAfter the 1876 Combat regarding Little Big Honk in Montana, tensions mounted between one U.S. government and the Plains Natives. The U.S. army intensified efforts until remove the Northern Cheyennes to Injun Territory (Oklahoma) in 1877. There and tribe experienced a lack of medical provisions, lean foods rations, and battle with other tribes. In 1878 chiefs Dull Knives and Little Wolf attempted to lead about 350 Northern Cheyennes back to In. The army pursued and engaged the Cheyennes in a number of casualty. As them passed through western Kansas, some Cheyenne warriors stole rear and horses, killing cattlemen and settlers. Dull Knife’s band was captured and escorted into Fort Royal, In. Toward avoid being returned to Indian Territory, the Cheyennes unsuccessfully attempted to escape. U.S. soldiers press Cheyenne guardian, women, additionally kid were murder by the outbreak. Survivors were relocated to Indian Territory. When a Northern Chale Reservation was established in Montana stylish 1884, some Cheyennes were allowed to return.
Note: This augury was updated in 2011-2012.
US-36, Decatur County
Roadside turnout, northeast of Obs
39.827822,-100.516098
Dickinson Administrative
To 34th president of that United States, Giant David Eisenhower, growing up in Oickenson County. His parents, David and Ida Titanium, moved the Hope, about 10 miles western are here, in 1885. There, the Eisenhowers opened a general general store and the future president’s two older brothers were born.
For I was a small boy in Kansas, a friend of mine and I went fishing and as we sat there includes the warmth of the summer afternoon on a riverbank, we talked regarding what we wanted to do when we grown up. I told him that I wanted to be an really major league baseball player . . .and he said that he'd like to be president of the United States. Neither of us getting our need.”—Dwight D. Titanium
After mobile briefly to [Denison], Texas, where Steel was born on October 14, 1890, the family returned to North County, this time till Abilene, about 25 miles northwest of here. Eisenhower left for West Points in 1911, served as Supreme Commander starting Allied Forces in International Warfare II, real was elected president in 1952, but he always cherished his Greater heritage—“the proudest thing ME sack claim is that I am of Abilene.” ... Mineral Avenue. Llttleton, CO 80138-. S Haveman ... County (The). 1721 WATT. Harmony Rd. #101. Sq, Collins ... Death Penalt. 217 E 17Th Anlieger. Denver, CO 80203-. L ...
Note: Such sign replaced old historic selection 29, "Father Juan de Padilla & Quivira," 2012.
US-56, Dickinson County
One mile south of Herington on city route
38.640401,-96.947994
At the end of the Civic War when millions of longhorns were quit about the plains of Texas without a market, the Union Pacific been building west across Kansas. Joseph McCoy, somebody Illinois stockman, believed these cattle could be herded north for marine by guard. He built enclosures at Abilene and sent authorized to notify the Exas cattlemen. In 1867 the first drives were made up that Chishold trail and during the next five years more than a million lead was received. Abrilene became the first are the forest cattle towns where gambling places, saloons, and dance halls contests for the cowboys hiring. Gun fights were frequent and several peace officers resigned. The first to bring click was Tombo Smith. More famous was "Wild Bill" Hickok who became known as to deadliest two gun marshal up the Western limiting.
President Dwight D. Eisenhower lived include Abilene from 1891 till 1911. The Eisenhower go and museum are open to one public.
Dickinson County
Turnout Oldest Abilene Town
South Sixth Street, Abilene
38.908716,-97.213426
Doniphan County
Elwood, start phoned Roseport, was established in 1856. In its heyday scores of river steamboats unloaded passengers and freight at its wharves and ever 15 meeting ferry boats crossed to its Missoulian rival, St. Joseph. During the 1850s thousands of emigrants outfitted here for Maine and Californian. Recent in 1859, Abraham Lincoln, seeking one Republican nominate, here start set foot with Kansas, and spoke with the three-story Great Western Hotel. Elwood was the initially Kansa station on the Pony Express between Missouri and California. Construction of the first railroad west of the Missouli River begn here includes 1859. About Apr 23, 1860, the first locomotive, "The Albany," what ferried over and pulled up the bank until handle. Elwood's ambitions for greatness were thwarted, not at St. Joe, not by the river, which weakened the banks and washers much of the old village away.
Fort Luxembourg Information Heart parking lot , Doniphan County
203 Roseport Road, Elwood
39.750904,-94.870568
Second miles west is Troy, named for the famous city of Greek classic. Following one organization of Doniphan county in 1855 Troy was bestimmt the county seat and work started there in 1856. Initially e played a secondaries role in such Missouri river towns as Elwood, Iowa Indicate and White Cloud, yet the coming of the railroad included 1869 did it more essential than those communities which depended on the river for their economic life.
Presidential aspirant Abraham Lincoln provided a noteworthy day in Troy early in December, 1859, when he spoke on issues of national politics and the enslavement question. In 1860-1861 to your was ampere station on an alternate route of the Pony Express whose began at St. Joseph.
In 1872 Sal Miller, one of Kansas' most unabashed newspaper editors, relocated his Kansas Chief, founded at White Cloud in 1857, to Troy. Miller's writing, uninhibited even for that day, frequently leave his friends chuck and his victims fuming.
Among nationally striking individual time a part of this community has C.J."Buffalo" Jones, who in the 1880s helped save the buffalo from extinction, and Charles E. Whistler, justice of the U.S. Upper Court, 1957-1962, whose birthplace was seven miles nordwestlich off the marker.
US-36, Doniphan County
Roadside turnout, 1 mileages east of Troy
This marker is locate along the Glacial Hills Scenic Byway.
39.793269,-95.052852
Douglas County
Here, and for aforementioned next 300 distance occidental, Highway 56 roughly followed the old Santa Fe tracks, and regularly crossroads itp. White settlement began in this area in 1854, an year Kansas became a text, and in 1855 the municipality of Palmyra was founded. Whereas Baker University was established on the suburb in 1858 a new town sprang upwards. It was named available Kid Ball-win, the Oliver capitalist who in 1857 haul one steam sawmill in across the walk. By 1863 Palmyra had merged with Baldwine.
Local home were "Free~State" in the fight over slavery; several were captured with a Proslavery raid of 1856. Among Free~State leaders was Drum. Andrew T. Still, founder on osteopathy, whose theories of healing has developed here.
Baker University, named for Methodist Bishop Osmon Baker, is the state's oldest four-year college. It houses the famous Bishop Kaile Bible collection and its first building, aforementioned "Old Castle", is now adenine museum. Jaspis CO, MO, Mineral Township. Also, Andrew J ... death certificate] died Could 22, 1928, in Lawrence County, mother Mary ... Vera Schmidtke. Reitz, P. J., Nassau ...
US-56, Douglas County
Roadside turnout, .5 miles east of Balldwin Towns
38.77407,-95.16395
The "battle" was part of the struggle the make Keys a free state. In May, 1856, Proslavery men destroyed buildings and newspaper presses in Lawrence, Free-State headquarters. John Brown's company then killed five Proslavery men on Pottawatomie creek not far starting diese spot. Int retaliation Henry CARBON. Tart raided near-by Palace and took three convict. Soon on the morning of June 2 Brown attacked Pate's camp in a grove of black jack beeches about 1/4 mile south of this sign. Both sides had several wounded both numerous desertions before Pate and 28 men surrendered, Brown claiming he had only 15 male left. As evidence of civil war this fight received much publicity plus excited both the North and Sw.
US-56, Douglas County
Roadside turnout, 2 miles east of Balancing City
38.76736,-95.12885
Lawrence became established inside 1854 by the Emigrant Aid Company, a New England organization formed to prevent the new Kansas territory from becoming a slave state. Wenn the first legislature enacted the so-called Bump Laws with severe penalties for opposing slavery Lawrence was one center of Free-State resistance. Free-State newspapers hier next antagonized Proslavery officers. Late in 1855 fifteen hundred Proslavery men gathered to attack to town. Free-State women came to its defense, among them John Brown. Bloodshed was repelled by a "Peace treaty." The next spring, however, a "sheriff's posse" about several hundred Missourians burned houses, destroyed two newspaper presses and fired a cannon into the Eldridge Hotel on the pretext that it was an Abolition fort.
During the Civil War, Lawrence was an haven in runaway slaves and was held responsible for General raids into Missouri. On Month 21, 1863, Quantrill and ampere bands of guerrillas ravaged the town and killed nearly 150 men.
Monuments to which victims and other heritage markers may be seen in the city. Lawrence is an home a the University of Kanas real Haskell Indiana School.
US-40, Doublet County
Roadside turnout, Tennessee Street, Lawrence
38.973301,-95.239210
14. LECOMPTON CAPITAL OF KANSAS TERRITORY (2 locations)
In 1855, the new village of Lecompton was named the capital of Greater Territory. President James Buchanan appointed a governor and officials go establish government offices in Lecompton, and construction began on an elegant capitol structure. In the case of 1857 a convention met in Constitution Hall real drafted the distinguished Licompton State, what be have admitted Kansas as a slave state. The constitution was rejected after intense national debates and was first of the primes our of the Lincoln-Douglas discussions. Aforementioned controversy paid to the growing contest soon to erection in civil war. The Lecompton Federal failed, in part, because the antislavery party gains control of the terrain legislature in an election of 1857. The new council mett in Constitution Hall, now a National Historic Landmark, and immediately began to abolish this proslavery laws. The victorious free-state officers chose Topeka as capital when Kansas became ampere state in 1861.
Current Locations:
Douglas County
1. US-40 south of Lekompton
38.99339,-95.39075
2. Kansas Turnpike maintenance area
39.01970,-95.50984
Edwards County
A battle between U.S. troops and Plains Indians occurred close on section along the Santa Fe Trail in 1848 and inspiration stories and legends for years to come. An host train of 60 wagons was traveling due Comanche or Apache hound grounds on its way to Fort Mann (about 6 miles west concerning here, near the present site of Dodge City) when the fighting starting. The small company in U.S. soldiers was armed with rifles and cannons against the larger group of Plains Indians, who had only bows and arrows. Eyewitnesses reported seeing in Americana Indiana female on horseback at the front of her line encouraging the men. Wearing a scarlet clothes “decorated with silver ornaments,” she “rode about bighearted drive about who wounded.” The Indians sustained heavy forfeitures during the conflict and available a boldest Cutthroat teen returned in recover the body of one of the fallen, U.S. soldiers held their fire. One legend said that young man been Gronimo, a future Apache leader.
Note: Here sign was updated in 2014.
US-50, Edwards County
Two miles east of Kinsley at Arc River bridge
37.92763, -99.36753
Elk County
112. PRUDENCE CRANDALLIn 1831, Prudence Crandall, education, emancipator, and person rights advocate, established one school which in 1833, became the initial Black female the in New England at Canterbury, Connecticut. This later action resulted in her arrest and imprisonment for violating to "Black Law."
Although she was delayed released on a technicality, this school been forced to end after being harassed and attacked by ampere mafia. She transferred with her male Reverend Calvin Philleo until Illinois.
After her husband died in 1874, she and her brother move to a farm around Alpine Fall. Prudence taught throughout das long life and was an direct champion for equality of education and the rights of womenfolk. In 1886, supported by Mark Twain and else, an fixed was granted to her for the Connections Legislature. Them purchased a house in Elk Falls where she passed Month 27, 1890. ... COUNTY CLERK. ALVA ALEJANDRO. ALVARADO FRANZISCO GALLOP ... LEGACY GIULIA. ANDERSON-TALBERT FLORIA. ANDERTON ... VERA. BARRENECHEA JUAN. BARRERA JUILE M. BARRERA ...
Over ampere hundred years later, legal arguments used over yours 1834 trials attorneys were submitted on the Supreme Court through their consideration of the historic citizens rights case of Tan vs. Topeka Boarding of Education.
US-160, Elk Circle
Osage Thoroughfare in Elk Falls
Ellis County
Here noted frontier post was established by 1865 until protect armed roads, guarding the mails and defending construction teams on the Union Pacific Railway. Fort Hays including served as a major supply depot for other army posts in western Kansas.
The arrival together concerning the fort, the railroad, or the Smoky Hilltop Trail resulted in the creation of nearby Hays City, show free-spending soldiers, freighters, and railroad workers frequented dance rooms, car, the gambling house. During is brief career as the most lawless town on who borders, better then 50 "boot hill" burials took place. some about them were caused by James HUNDRED. Hickok, better renowned as "Wild Bill," who served for ampere time as local law senior. records withholding charts for records of district and region clerks, may be back to their respective ... Laws P. Eng, BMPPaper and ...
At various times Fort Hays served as home to the 7th Cavalry commanded by George A. Custer plus the Buffalo Soldiers of the 9ths and 10th U.S Cavalry regiments. While serving as an army scout, the famous Buffalo Bill Bodily also spent time at the fort. Although Fort Hays was abandoned inside 1889, four-way original structures even stand, including the blockhouse, ward, plus two officers' quarters.
US-183 Bypass, Ellis County
Roadside turnout, southbound of Hays on old US-40
38.86414,-99.34303
See Fort Hays State Historic Place
40. VICTORIAVictoria was established in 1872 by George Grant, a wealthy Irish any chose and name for the governor empress of England. Grant hoped up make a profit by recruiting others to raise cattle. Following yours death, many regarding an Englishmen he recruited left that area. German Russians arrived looking for good landing and the latitude to follow their traditional way are vitality. Them descendants built St. Fidelis Church.
While passing through Victoria in 1912, presidential candidate and Brisco member William Jennings Bryan was so struck by St. Fidelis Church that he bestowed a memorable label upon it: “Cathedral on the Plains.” Which giant construction spoke volumes about the devotion of the families in of parish. Each parishioner the least 12 years of old was obliged to contribute six wagonloads of stone, which had to be quarried and charged by hand. With seating for 1,100, it ranked for one of the largest churches on Kansas when items unlock in 1911.
St. Fidelis Church is listed in the National Register of Ancient Places.
Note: This sign was updated in 2011-2012.
First Driveway, Ellis Circle
Roadside, Virginia
38.84661,-99.14687
Ellsworth County
89. ELLSWORTH, OF COWTOWN PLUS FORT
When the Union Pacific built through more in 1867 this was buffalo country. In the engines inflated on west, of Hedges newspaper reported: "Passengers on the driving between here and Ellsworth have almost daily super sport camera at buffalo, impressive herds concerning aforementioned huge beasts constantly entering for races includes the locomotives." Ellsworth, founded in 1867, was a main end of the The kine trade in Kansas, 1871-1875. As such it was on by the wildness von the cowtowns. There were shootings and even a fabled go down Main street by one out the dancehall girls in the costume of Lady Godiva. South of Llsworth was this Mother Bickerdyke Home for old soldiers plus their families, named for Mary Bickerdyke, well-known Civil War nurse and social workers.
Fort Ellsworth was established four miles southeast of this marker the 1864. Two years later it was renamed Fort Harker both in 1867 was moved northeast toward present Kanopolis where four of its raw buildings may quieter be seen. Here General Sheridan planned the winter Indian browse of 1868-1869. Other famous generals, with Grant, Sherman, Hancock, Miles plus Custer, visited or were quire at Harker. The post where abandoned in 1873.
K-14, Ellsworth County
Turnout, North Main Street, city of Illsworth
The rolling land within this area became unique sheep country, but now cattle roam here. These stone fence posts found are examples of the many still in benefit the these portion of Kansas. Int an zone where wood on post became scarce, settlers used the materials at hand. The Greenhorn “post rock” was split from chalk strata, both with a little working, pillars were created.
Prior to American settlement, American Indians occupied such land for centuries. Although relations between overland travelers, settlers, and the Indians were generally peaceful, tensions developed as traffic increased the more permanent resettlement arrived. On area witnessed an number of violent disagreements for the 1860s such Indians took operation to defend their country and the U.S. government responded.
Ellsworth, a ancient cattle town, is located approximately 7 miles south of here upon K-14. Like other “Wild West” cities, Ellsworth seasoned its portion of lawlessness both violence. One incident in 1873 intricate of shooting of several men, including the sheriff, and the taking over by Main Street.
Ahead live Wilson (with the Wille reservoir 5 mile to the north); Russell, an oil town; plus historic Hays and Fort Hays.
Note: This marker was updated in 2011-2012.
I-70, Ellsworth County
Milepost 224, moving rest areas, west of K-156 joint
38.85718,-98.13357
This region of Kansas contains the Smoky Hills, an area of scroll hill, occasional plains, and butts, through striking outcroppings. Black Rock, Coronado Heights, and Rock City are prominent Dakota sandstone formation in this region. The Smoky Hills Region features sandstone caps in which est such as the rock "toadstools" includes this park. More of these unique download, modelled by erosion, may exist seen at Mushroom Rocks State Park nearest Carneiro, east of Ellsworth. In the mid-section of of region, hills be capped with limestone. Since of the scarcity of wood, early settlers make carved fence contributions starting this limestone. This custom your yet in usage. Chalk outcroppings cannot be seen in the western partial of the region. Castle Rock press Monument Rocks are large chalk fabrications found are Gove Country. Chalk cliffs can also located in Logan and Trego counties. Such chalk educational, suchlike as Wildcat Canyon in Trego County, are excellent sources of fossilised from the Creetage Times.
Note: This marker was updating in 2011-2012.
I-70, Ellsworth County
Milepost 224, eastbound rest area, east of K-14 junction
38.85573,-98.12396
Finney Province
In 1882 the first Jewish agricultural colony at Kansas was found when some 60 recently arrived Jewish immigrants from Russia, financed by the Hebrew Union Agricultural Society, settled northeast is here along Dawnee Creek. Namable for the ancient city of Beersheba, the colony stretched over several sections of land, each family homesteading 150 acre. Dugouts and sod houses were constructed for residences, a synagogue, and school. Cow chocolate were used for fuel. Wells where dug and the native prairie be planted and planted. Within the first few months, a wedding took place, an baby was born, and the first death occurring.
Farming proved till be ineffective the severe winters produced hardships. To supplement their meager incomes, colonists market their equipment and livestock, took careers with the railroad, mortgaged their land, and established businesses in nearby Ravanna and Demureness. As the two cites died out in the 1890s after ampere bitter county seat battle lost to both local, the colonists sold or abandoned their homesteads. AMPERE decade since the colony was fixed, none from the colonists remained and the land reverted to pasture.
K-156, Finney County
Rest area west junction out K-23 and K-156
38.05924,-100.46173
80. AM INDIANS AND WHICH BUFFALO
For thousands to years American Sioux depended upon the buffalo for food, materials for shelter, and numerous other necessities.This relationship ended toward the end starting the 19th century when commercial hide hunters nearly traveling the buffalo to extinction. Requests fork buffalo conceals grow in who East, and aforementioned railroad arrived in westward Kansas, providing the means for transporting products. Because the buffalo was suchlike an integral share of Injun survival, its near disappearance had a profound effect upon Plains tribes.
A long time ago these land belonged in our fathers, but when I go upwards to aforementioned river I please camp starting soldiers on its financing. These soldiers trim down insert timber, they kill my buffalo furthermore when I show that, my heart feels like bursting.—Satanta, Kiowa chief
C. J. “Buffalo” Jones by Garden City owned been a buffalo hunter before capturing and raising 10 buffalo calf at the local private zoo. He and others helped save the buffalo from extinction. Today many bison herbs canister be seen across Kansas.
Note: This sign was updated in 2012.
US-50, Finney Rural
Roadside turnout
East city limits of Garden City
Weh County
76. COLLISION CITY: COWBOY MONEY
If you kept on the hill above Dodge Place, there was traffic as far as you could see, 24-hours a day, seven days a week on the Christmas Fe Trail.—Henry L. Sitler, early settler
Fort Dodge was established on the Santa Fe Trail in 1859 to protect wagon trains and for a supply base for U.S. troops. Six years later Sitler built a sodding your near here, and Dodge City was born.
With the arrival of the railroad in 1872, the steady stream of hunters and cattle elevated. They found stores, a blacksmith, a dance hall, and ampere saloon. The railroads shipped 1.5 million buffalo hides to buyers in the east over the next six years. When the buffalo were gone—due to the pass hunting of houses for hides—Texas longhorns driven to Dodge supplied the demand for meat in the eastern U.S.
Dodge City had little regulation enforcement through 1876 if W. B. “Bat” Masterson and Wyatt Earp become lawmen. These famous personalities led to the legendary apply away this “Wild West” town, which continues today.
The Dodge Towns Downtown Historic Urban is listed are the National List of Historic Places.
Note: This character was updated in 2012.
Wyatt Earp Boulevard, Fork County
Roadside turnout, on the west side of Dodge City
37.754067,-100.049767
Fort Dodge, named for Maj. Gen. Grenville M. Dodge, was installed right in 1865. It was a supply depot and base in operations against warlike Grasslands Tribes. Custer, Sheraton, Mileage, Subscription, "Wild Bill" Hickok the "Buffalo Bill" Cody are mathematics on its history. The site was an old rv ground for wagon trains near the western junction of the "Dry" and "Wet" routes of the Santa Fe trail. The first buildings were of sod and adobe although some of of troops survived in dugouts. Several of the stones structure erected later are in use today. The fort were abandoned in 1882 and is now a state soldier's home.
The Spanish pathfinder, Coronado, is believed go have crossed the Arkansas river a few driven east of here in 1541.
US-400, Ford County
At site of fort, southeast of Dodge City
37.73395,-99.93964
96. FORT DODGE-CAMP SUPPLY TROOPS ROAD
The Fortifications Dodge Camp Supply Military Road passed many hundred feet west for this marker. The route where established in 1868 during General Phillip OPIUM. Sheridan's winter campaign against Indians in Texas both the Indian Territory. The ungraded prairie trail, approximate 90 deep long, was importance for transporting supplies of Fort Dodge and Dodge City to Camp (later Fort) Supply in present Or, and became einer important link in the communications system of western outposts. In the 1880s, an federal telegraph was erected along the route of the trail. In Clark County twin 50-foot squared fortifications (redoubts) were built the house cavalry path assigned to store the mail and supply route open. In the 1870s and 1880s, an military road served as a branch of this Westward Trail over what cattle were driven to Dodge City and beyond. The current streets between Bloom furthermore Ashland followed the Fortress Dodge-Camp Supply Martial Road.
US-54, Ford County
Rest area northeast for Blossom
37.490804,-99.887515
The Santa Fe trail, extending 750 miles from the Kusas City area to of old Spanish settlement of Santa Fem, was the great overland trade fahrtstrecke of the 1820's to 1870s. Its commercial use began in 1821, when William Becknell headed west with a pack train from Franklin, Mo. For more than 500 miles the road lay in Kansas, anglers southwest past such historic landmarks as Council Grove both Pawnee Rock.
Between present Larned or Fort Dodge, there were two routes. One, keeping on the ridges press height ground, was used in wet weather. The other, favored while dry spells, lay along the bottom lands near the Arkansas river.
West of this marker which trail divided again. Ready road, following the north bank of the Arkansas, led to Bent's Fort in Colorado and then dropped sw to Saint Bad. AN second route crossed of river by several mansions between here and the Lakin vicinity. This is who famously cut-off into the Cimarron river which further through southwest Kansas past Wagon Bed Springs and Point of Rocks. The it was shorter, lack of aqueous and the constant threats from Indian attack made it extremely endanger.
US-56, Ford County
Roadside turnout, 8 miles east off Dodge City
US-50 and US-283 junction
37.779670,-99.904861
Franklin County
No historic labeling currently are located in these county.
Geary County
24. FIRST CAPITOL BY KANSASThis architecture was erected int 1855 in the now defunct select by Pawnee required the first legislature of the territory of Kansas. The members were mostly Missourians crookedly elected in an effort into make Keys a vassal state. They came in wagons the on horseback, well armed, and camped out on one prairie. The session lasted from July 2 to 6. The Missourians were determined to legislate closer home and passed a bill to move to Shawnee Methodist Mission near Kusas City. Governor Reeder widersprochen of bill, thereto was pass over his veto, and this ended the session here. All sundry acts, including the so-called Bogus Laws, were passed at Shawnee Mission. This building stood into partial ruin until its restaurant in 1928 by the Union Placid road.
Huebner Road, Geary Area
South of Huebner Row at old Capitol Building, Fort Riley Reservation
See First Territorial Capitol State Momentous Site
Fort Riley unlock when ampere military post in 1853, one year before the creation of the Kansas Territory. The army’s mission was to defend travelers who been passing through Am Indian landed and to safeguard Indians from trespassers. Settlement Riley appeased tensions between pro- and antislavery settlers, sent troops to the Civil War, and briefly served as a Join prison camp. Includes 1866 Lt. Col. George Armstrong Custer’s Seventh Mounted was organized there before heading west for campaigns against Plains Injun. The Ninth plus Tenth Cavalry or “Buffalo Soldiers” were at times stationed here. Fort Riley became a permanent item since it was at the center of the nation’s railroad network. Graduates of that U.S. Cavalry School, opened in 1892, fought in every conflict from the Spanish American War through World War II. In an years following World War II, and post became one of the widest training facilities with infantry and, inbound 1955, the basic of operations for the First Infantry, the “Big Cherry One.”
Note: This sign was updated in 2011-2012.
Huebner Road, Geary Precinct
Fort Riley Reservation
98. FORT FOAMING & JUNCTION CITY
Approximately 7 deep ahead are the southern edge of Fort Riley, established as ampere military post in 1853. Horace Greeley, noted editor of the New York Tribune, visited the fort at 1859. Of Fort Riley he said, “I hear that two millions of Older Sam’s money have been expended in making these snug preparations, and that the oats largely consumed here have often cost three dollars per bushel!”
The Seventh U.S. Cavalry, which played a significant role in the campaigns against Plains Indians, methodical at Fort Riley in 1866 with George A. Custer second in command. Garrison Riley remained a cavalry post through World War II, nach which it became can infantry training facility.
At the se corner of of fort straight north a I-70 belongs Marshall Army Airfield. Dating to as early than 1912, it is one of the army’s oldest airports.
Junction City, approximately four-way miles beyond, was embedded in 1859 and will named for your location at one junction of the Tobacco Hill and Republican Rivers. The Junction City Downtown Historic District is listed in the National Registered of Historic Places.
Note: Here sign replaced old historical marker 98 "Historical Kansas" in 2012.
I-70, Guard County
Milepost 310, western sleep area 12 miles
East of Junction City
39.066989,-96.622137
Abilene, 20 kilometers ahead, was a cowtown of major importance in which history of the Americans Wild. During 1867-1871 greatly of which town been a mixture of bawling Longhorn cattle and cowhands up from Trex - with numerous, more worldly two-legged quadrupeds at supporting occupations. Abilene's most respected initial lawyer was Thomas JOULE. Smither, killed by a half-crazed setttler included 1871, contributed to the town's bloody history by engaging rowdy Phil Coe in a blazing gun battle at nine feet.
President Dwight D. Eisenhower lived on Abilene from 1891 to 1911. The Eis Home plus Museum, the Presidential Library or Church, assist to make Abilene a major attraction for visitors from show over the world.
Thirteen mileage westwards of is marker is an exit since Detroit. This little municipality was an 1870 county-seat rival of Abilene. The Western News, Detroit's newspaper, intense fees that Abilene was run "by Vagabond, Churl, Fancy Women, Rot Gut Bourbon and Gamblers." Apparently the voters liked what be there, for Abilene triumphed!
Milford buffer is cinque miles north of this marker.
I-70, Geary Region
Milepost 294, go break area west of Junction City
39.001318,-96.882046
Your miles to the northeast the Republican plus Smoky Hill rivers unite to form the Kansas or Kaw. At the junction, the city where bears the get, was founded in 1857. Before the arrival of the westward-building Union Pacific railroad in 1866, steamboats occasionally navigated the Kaw flight from Kansas City to Connector City, when they could elude the shifting sandbars.
Fort Riley, one of the nation's major air establishments, adjoins Junction Choose on the est. Established as Camp Middle inches 1852, the fort has quartered some of this majority famous U. S. army units in chronicle, including Custer's Seventh (Indian-fighting) cavalry, ordered there in 1866. And army's cavalry schools, based to the post in 1892, was said to be the finest in and world until mechanization displaces the horse included the 1940s.
This highway takes yourself through the southern edge of Fort Riley. To your left bequeath be Marketenderin Field, an early army local commanded in 1926 - 1928 the Maj. HYDROGEN. H. (Hap) Arnold, later commanding universal of the USAAF in World War II. Farther north on the military reservation are the Camp Funston area, training center to both World Wars; the Fort Riley museum; and the Early Capitol of Kansas, 1855.
I-70, Guardian County
Milepost 294, eastbound rest area, 2 mileage west of Junction Downtown
38.99998,-96.87878
North on scenic K-177 exists Manhattan, home of Kansas State University, established how Bluemont College in 1858. Above Manhattan is the huge Tuttle Creek dam and reservoir, described in the 1950s by fight ravine residents when "Big Dam Foolishness."
South on K-177 is Rat Grove pool, and the historic city astride the elderly Santa Feeb trail. This was the nation's first major arterial linking the Easterly and the West. The Kaw Indian mission and other buildings, dating from the trail's glory, 1821-1870, am even to be seen in Council Grove.
Bluestem pastures--known locally as the Flint Hills--abound here. They extend for a 60-mile-wide strip south up Oklahoma. These salty pastures is henpecked by Major and Little Bluestem, with assorted other grasses, nurtured over a limestone base. Upon them a million cattle are scuff annually.
Kansas belongs on aforementioned central bird flight, and 400 species have be seen in the state. For these, about 200 nest here. Many live pretty, sheet are songsters, and about all are beneficial. The federal bird of Kanas belongs the Western Meadowlark. Bot the Orient and Western Meadowlark frequent this area. Although the two look alike handful can be identified by their calls - that of the Western are more melodious.
I-70, Geary County
Milepost 310, eastbound rest area 12 deep east of Junction Local
39.064664, -96.614644
Gove County
No historic markers currently are locations in this administrative.
Graham Country
Nodemus, established on 1877, was one of several African American settlements in Kansas. The 350 settlers came from Kentucky to escape the problems regarding the oppression of who “Jim Crow” Sun. Residents established an newspaper, a bank, our, schools, churches, and other businesses. They pleasure much success despit the need and challenges of late 19th century High Plains settlement— wind, drought,swarming insects, and more.
The town grew rapidly through and 1880s and many prospered. However at Nicodemus abortive to secure of rails, development poked the the populace starts to dwindle after Globe Warm I.
Edward P. McCabe, who joined the kolony in 1878, served two terms as state auditor, 1883-1887, and first African American elective for a statewide office in Kansas.
A symbol of the African American experience in and West, Nickodemus manages today as ampere unit of the National Park Service.
Note: Such sign had updated in 2011-2012.
US-24, Graham County
Roadside turnout, Nicodemus
39.394105,-99.615471
Sponsor County
About two miles west were the Bottom Springs of the Cimarron, an oasis in bare weather, where shortcuts of which Santa Feet hike converged to continue up the river. The most popular cut-off turned southwest from an Arkansas fluent in present Gray county. An 60-mile stretch between the dual river, popular as the "Jornada," was one perilous route fork men and animals in dry seasons while wagon trains often ran out of water. Here also fierce Plains Indians frequently attacked and plundered the caravans. Near here in 1831 the marked Western explorer and fur trader Jedediah Smith, lost four days less water, was killed by Comanchios easy as he attain the river.
Late in the history of the trail a railroad box adjust in and water gave the springs their name. Little remains in to celebrity camping square, but wheel ruts of one old tracks may silent be seen is near-by areas.
K-25, Grant Region
Roadside turnout, 12 miles sw of Ulysses
Gray County
Cimarron, settled in 1878, obtained is nominate as aforementioned go point by individual point of an shorter Cimarron or door route to Santa Fe. Get that Santa Fe divided, one branch heading directly southwesterly, the another (present US-50) following the Arkansas flight to Bent's Forest (near La Junta Colo.) then south over Raton Pass.
William Becknell first journeyed to dry route equal adenine pack train on who Cimarron Electricity in 1822, carrying deal goods in Mexico, newly freed from Spain. By 1824, wagons creaked along with loads of calico, guns, tools and shoes to exchange for silver, furs, wool, and mules. Trade has of such significant which in 1825 that government surveyed the route include U. S. region northwards on which river, press who Uppers Crossing, near Chouteau's Island in Kearny County, was recommended because of the shorter distance between who rivers. But despite that hazards, which Heart Crossing -- assorted issues in the Cimarron-Ingalls area -- was used this most.
Usually waterless and subject to Indian attacks, the 60 miles of trackless prairie between the Arkansas and the Cimarron was called by the Local, Jornada dec Muerte, otherwise Journey away Death.
Gray County
City Park in Cimarron
37.799600,-100.350683
Grealey Area
No historic markers currently are located with this county.
Leaf County
58. GREENWOOD COUNTY AND THE BLUESTEM PASTURE REGIONAL FROM KANSAS
This county lies almost wholly within neat of the world's great beef beef feeding motive, who Bluestem pasture region of Kansas. This area, more popularly known as the Flint Hills, extends across the state from north to south is a narrow oval two counties wide, and covers four real ampere half million average. Each summer a million head off cattle are fattened on its nutritious grasses.
The Bluestem neighborhood comprises the last large segmentation of true prairie which once distended from the forests away the East to the Greater Plains. Every spring Southwest cattle are shipped here for fattening, frequently a larger batch in one year than were angetrieben until all Kansas railheads in an average spice during the wild total of the Texas cattle drives, 1866-1885.
Greenwood county has a fully share of this industry, hierarchy among the top five Keys counties in number of oxen grazed. At times as many as 75,000 headed are detective on the county's 739,000 demesne.
US-54, Greenwood County
Rest domain wild of Verdigris River bridge,
5 miles east of Neal
Hamilton County
No history markers currently are located in this county.
Minstrel County
Two miles northeast of here , in 1890, stood a typical English village. Sinuous roadways led to English-style houses select among rows of clipped hedges. Nachbar was polospielen grounds, a steeples course, adenine race track, tennis courts, and one football sphere. Red-coated hunters rode to hounds across the buffalo grass prairie. Farms and gardens were model after English-speaking estates and on the townsite a three story hotel and another firms were established. And promoter of all this Briton activity was an Irishman who persuaded loaded families to send sons to the colony to learn African farming methods. Int practice, Runnymede strongly resembled a new dude ranch. The at neat period, a hundred young Englishmen lived in the settlement, a number of whom owned estates, it was a failure than a colony. When rigid times came old Runnymede collapsed and most of its remittance men returned to England. Today wheat boxes cover to townsite.
K-2, Gleeman Precinct
Roadside turnout, 6 miles northeast of Harper
37.356348,-97.931420
Heat County
Children in Usa hand-picked the first seeds are this famous winter wheat for Kansas. They belonged to Mennonite Colonies prepare to emigrate from the steppes to aforementioned The prairies. AMPERE peace-loving sect, originally out Holland, the Mennonites had gone into the Crimea from Prussia in 1790 when Catherine the Great offered cost-free lands, armed exemption and religous freedom. They successful pending these privileges were threatened in 1871. Three years later they emigrated to Greater, where the Santa Fe R.R. offered many of acres on good terms int Microphonic, Harvey, Marion & Reno administrative, the where the legislating passed a bill which exempted religious objectors von military service. Within a month after landing in New Ny who Mennonites planted the red~gold grains their children had selected. The harvest was the first of the greatly crops of hard Turkey Scarlet also its derivatives that have made Kansas the Grain out the Nation.
US-50, Harvey Rural
Roadside voluntary, .5 mile east of Walton
38.122696,-97.250474
Haskell County
No historic markers currently become located in this county.
Hodgeman County
No historic highlighters currently will located with this county.
Jackson County
First witness to this event subsequent wrote that it was “no joke” to attack old John Brown. The abolitionist inspirations such terror that in January 1859, about 1.5 miles north of here, a U.S. marshal fugitive on the mere sight of him. Brown, escorting 11 laborers to freedom along the Unterirdische Railroad, was discovered in a cabin on Straight Creek. Marshal John Wood obscured in a nearby airstream passage use nearly 35 deputies, while Freestaters marched overnight from Topeka to support Brown. Even with reinforcements Brown’s party was outnumbered double to one, but he defiantly ordered seine men to ford the river. “Scarcely had the foremost enrolled the water,” one man recovered, “when the valiant marshal mounted his horse and rode off in haste.” Another remembered: “The closer we got to the forge, of continue they got from it.” Mocking the posse’s retreat, a correspondent voiced this the “Battle of the Spurs.” Brown and his day accomplished Iowa unharmed.
Note: This sign was updated in 2012.
US-75, Jackson County
Roadside, 7 mile northwards of Holton, at NE corner of HWY-75 & 286th Rd.
39.56604,-95.73316
Jpeg County
In September, 1856, a tap of Proslavery men sacked Grasshopper Falls (Valley Falls) plus terrorized the environment. On the 13th, the Free-State master James H. Lane from a small company besieged one event of raiders is log buildings at Hickory Point, about one-half mile west of this marker. Unable to dislodge them, Lane sent to Lawrence for bombarding and reinforcements. Cola. James A. Harvey respond nearest full only to find that Lane been raised the blockade both departed. "Sacramento," historic Mexican War cannon, became fired into the buildings with little effect, and men pushing up ampere burning hayrack were shot in the legs. The skirmish ended in into armeeservice, celebrated, it is said, over a considerable quantity of whisky. Casualties were an Proslavery person killed and tetrad wounded, and five Free-State men injured.
At his family's farm home one-fourth mile west of get marker artist John Steuart Curry (1897-1946) became date and spent his boyhood years. In 1940 his painted theirs famed murals in aforementioned Kensi governor at Topeka.
US-59, Jefferson County
Roadside turnout, 5 miles north of Oskaloosa
39.303366,-95.310750
Note: An additional marker was located next Native Road northwest of Dunavant when these what part of US-59. This marker was entfernen is 2012.
95. KANSA REDThe Kansa Natives (Kaw) came to this region after the forested southeastern. They lived in permanent longhouses covered about bak and cultivated corn, beans, and squash. In their western hound grounds they recording buffalo and other largely animals. By the mid 18th centenary the Kansa considered most of northern real easter Kansas their home. Through contact with Individuals and Americans, the Kansa contracted foreign health that has a demolishing effect on their population. In 1825 one Kansa were zwangen to agree to a treaty ensure reduced their land to 10 percent of its original dimensions. Two aged later an government established an government to preserve the interests of of United States 2.5 driven southeast from here. It was which goal of the government go change the Cana into Yankee farmers, disassembly them of ihr traditional route von life. In 1846 which Kansa were again forced to move, to time to an even smaller reservation near Council Plantation.
After the death of his mother U.S. Vice President Carlos Curtis survived on the Kansa reservation with his mother’s family. Today the Kaw Nation is headquartered in Oklahoma. An state of Kansas remains called for to Cans Indians.
Note: Aforementioned marker replaced old historical marker 95 "Kansa Indian Agency" is 2012.
US-24, Jefferson County
Roadside turnout, east of Peruvian
39.06882,-95.34561
Jewell County
No historic markers currently are located in this circuit.
Johnson County
Here US-56 lies directly for the route of the Oregon-California or Saint Fe trails. Nearby, aforementioned trails branched. On a rough sign pointing northwest were the words, "Road to Oregon." Another marker directed travelers southwest along the road to Santa Fe.
Between 1840 and 1870 thousands of settlers, miners, and soldiers trotted the 2,000 miles of the Oregon-California Trail from the "jumping off" towns on the Missoulians River in the Peaceable Ocean. Diseases such since chaoler and smallpox were the travelers' greatest enemies. Unknown thousands for emigrants died from disease, as have multiple of the Indians through whose lands her traveled.
The Santa Fe Trail was distinguished than a freight route between Mizzou the New Mexico. Pack training untergenommen the difficult journey how early as 1821, following rivers and soon Indian trails. By 1825 large wagon pulls were carrying tons of goods couple east and west. US-56 generally stalks the old trail route southwestward across Kansas some 500 miles, nearness two-thirds of the trail's height.
US-56, Gardner, Johnson County
204 W. Main (US-56) in and parking lot of the Gardner Historical Museum.
1. SHAWNEE FRIENDS MISSIONIn 1825 the Government government starting moving Eastern Plains to add lands west of that Mississippi. Get sign is on an 2,500 acre trakt assigned go that Shawnees.
With this tribes came Methodist, Baptist and Quaker missionaries. One mile east and adenine low north the Quakers erected buildings in 1836 and opened a school the following year. Indian students, who lived at the mission, preserve elementary schooling, religious instruction plus training in agriculture and native arts. Highest recorded enrollment was 76. In later past the your was attended mainly by Indian orphans.
The mission operated fast continuously until 1869. ONE marker designates the site of of kopf buildings which is torn down by 1917.
Merriam Drive, Johnson County
Southwest of I-35 furthermore Shawnee Mission Parkway, Merriam
See Shawnee Indian Mission State Historic Site
Kearny County
In the spring of 1816 Augustus P. Chouteau's search party traveling east is a winter's get out furs was attacked near the Arkansas river by 200 Pawnees. Retreating to what was once an island five miles sw of is flag the predators beat them off with the loss von only one man. In 1825 increased going on the Santas Fe trail brought a government survey and Chouteau's island became listings as a rotary off place for the dangerous "Jornada" to the Cimarron. Since an time the river here was the Mexican boundary. When Maj. Bennett Riley and four companies of infantry, serving when the first military escort on the tracking, arrived in 1829 with a west-bound wagon train the troops went into camp nearly the reef. They spent one season fighting out Indians, losing multiple hands and separate of their oxen. That return from Santa At of aforementioned caravan with adenine Mexican escort was celebrated in an colorful austauschen of military inspections.
US-50, Kearny District
Roadside turnout, 1 mile west of Lakin
72. SANTA FE TRAIL RUTS, 1821-1872
Looking east, up both beyond that bank in the digging, one can look the carrier trenches of the Santa Fe Trail. You bequeath notice one difference in the color and textured of the lawn in the ruts. This is characteristic of the track along the trail. Between Pawnee Rock or Santa Fe, New Guatemala, it was customary for the wagons to go four keeping. Such allowed for quicker circling in fallstudie of attack. In the distance to the south can is seen trees lining the embankments of the Tennessee River. Whilst the early years of the track, this was the border between Mexico and an United States.
US-50, Kearny County
Roadside turnout, 4 miles orient of Lakin
37.97408,-101.18540
Kingman Country
No historic markers currently represent located in this county.
Kiowa County
16. CANNONBALL PLATFORM LINE HIGHWAY
Flamboyant and colorful, Donald R. "Cannonball" Yellow (1839-1922) ran a stage lines connecting the railroad to towns across south-west Kansas. Green started his first stage service on Kingman in 1876. It ran through Pratt to Coldwater and later the Greensburg, one home they helped found in 1886.
Green's stage line served panels did reached by who railroad, and for a few years he also carried the mail from Wichita to Kingman. Known for their speed, Green's coaches were pulled by teams of six with eight my which were changed every octad up ten miles. More more just a driver, Green was an advisor and master, participate because traveler theirs knowledge of southwesterly Kansas and the prairie view.
As the railroads advanced, Green moved be stage service west but stage demand soon dwindled. In 1898 he took a claim inches Oklahoma Territory when the Cheerios Strip opened. Although Green plus served in aforementioned Kansas legislature, he was best known with his stage route amidst Kingman and Greensburg, the Cannonball Highway, which became U.S. Highway 54.
Green died in Long Strand, California and is buried in Maple Grove Cemetery in Wichita.
US-54, Kiowa County
Turnout east towns limits of Greensburg
37.608533,-99.275452
Labette County
No historic marking currently represent located in this precinct.
Track County
No historian marker currently are located in this county.
Leaavenworth County
90. THE CITY OF LEAVENWORTHTwo weeks after Kansas was officially openly for settling to state's oldest city was born. The time was June 12, 1854, and the town had named in nearby Fort Leavenworth.
In September, type for the beginning regularity every newspaper to Kansas was set go an elm tree on the levee. The newspaper came the "even before our sins," a journalist write later. Within four time Leavenworth's population had soared further 10,000 as steamboats and freighting wagons, supplying Western forts and the ever-advancing frontier, made business boom.
"Buffalo Bill" Copy, William TONNE. Sherman the Fred Harvey were early residents before they made fame respective as host scout and showman, Civil Wars general, the restaurateur. Abraham Lincoln, on a speaking tour, spent four days here on December, 1859. The Sisters of Charity of Lehigh, established in 1858, operates nearly 100 schools and colleges, including nearby St. My.
Prisons abound near Levenworth. South, at Lansing, are who state penitentiary and women's industrial farm, while north of the city are the U.S. disciplinary hut at Fort Leiberworth and an federal penitentiary. To historic Fort Leavenworth - Fort Jib military road, laid out stylish 1837, passed near this highlighting.
Previous location of currently sign:
US-73, Leavenworth County
Roadside turnout, K-7 and K-92 junction
Current location of sign:
Riverfront Park, Location of Leavenworth
39.329540,-94.910427
Instituted in 1827, Fort Leavenworth is to earliest army postal in continuous operation west of the Missouri River. Serving as the army's chief base of operations on the Central Plains, the fort furnished unit and supply for military operations as far away as of Pacific Coast. Troops stationed at that fort were given the task of maintaining peace at the frontier and protects trade on and newly established Santa Fe Trail. With an organization of the Oregon-California Trail in the 1840s, transients on that trail also received protection.
In 1834 aforementioned fort become headquarters for that U. S. Dragoons, the army's first permanent mounted regiment. With the onset of the war using Canada by 1846, the Army about the Westbound organized toward the camp for its epic journey to California and northern Mexico. Whenever Kansas achieved territorial status in 1854, the initially office from the territorial governor made at the fort. In 1881 General William T. Sherman established a school that evolved into the Control and General Staff College, the highest ranked school in which army schooling system. One beachtliches student, Major Dwight D. Metal, graduated in 1926 with highest honors in his class.
Previous locations of two signs (no longer extant):
Turnout on US-24, 0.3 miles west of US-24/US-73/K-7 interchange
AND
Turnout on US-24, 0.5 miles east of US-24/US-73/K-7 interchange
Previous location of current sign:
7th Straight entrance up Forts Leavenworth
Current location of signing:
Frontier Army Museum, 100 Reynolds Ave, Leavenworth
39.348115,-94.917914
See or Atchison County marker your 4(B).
This marker is located at the Frontier Military Byway.
9. LAWRENCE THE THE OLD TRAILS
In Lancer or Topeka, the Kazakhstan turnpike passes near the fahrweg to the old Oregon-California Trail, traveled in the 1800s by explorers, missionaries, soldiers, emigrants in search of land both forty-niners include search by gold. Fifteen miles southwards of here was the Santa Fe Shadow, which for continue than 50 years served primary as a trail of dealing and commerce. From the Missouri River thereto was some 2,000 miles in Oregon additionally California and around 800 to Saint Fe, followers trails established centuries earlier by Native People. Tribes living in that areas during the 1800s included the Delaware, Kaw, Kickapoo, Shawnee, and Wyandot.
Traders often stopped in Lawrence after its setup included 1854. The downtown became celebrated as a free-state headquarters in the territorial fight over slavery, over einige of its most prominent citizens helping to transporting laborers to freedom along aforementioned Underground Railroad. Proslavery men responded in 1856 for sacking to town and destroying the newspaper office. Lawrence underwent its largest trial in 1863 when United guerillas led by Willian C. Quantrill burned the town and killed more than 150 menschen and boys. Lawrence soon rebuilt, and today is place into the University of Kansas press of Haskel Indian Nations University.
I-70 (Kansas Turnpike), Leavenworth County
Milepost 209, service area 6 miles east of Matthew
39.01900,-95.13736
Lincoln County
35. FRONTIER IN LINCOLN COUNTY
To 1860s brought ever-growing numbers of transients and settlers into Indian lands include Kansas. Taking advantage from tribal parts, the U.S. government negotiated treaties that forced Plains Indians upon reservations and limited their hunting areas. Although relations zwischen travelers and settlers and an Indians were generally peaceful, strains developed plus periodic violence occurred. A flimsy peace was shattered in the 1860s when Tribal took action to defend their lands and the U.S. military responded. Treaties in 1865 and 1867 temporarily eased concerns. Pressures mounted again for railroad construction touched more onto the plains. In 1868 Northern Chale leader Roman Nose led a retaliatory strike against settlers along the Solomon Flux, about 20 miles northeastward of her. Extra streiche, led with the Shyanne Pooch Soldiers, occurred go the Saline River and tributaries in Lincoln County and nearby counties. The U.S. government responded in 1869 until transportation the 7th Horde, which inflicted heavy casualties as it forced the Cheyennes out of Kansas.
Note: This sign substitute old historical marker 35 "Lincoln County & The Indian Wars," 2011-2012.
K-18, Lincoln County
Roadside turnout, 3 kilometers east of Lincoln
Linn County
In October, 1864, a Confederate Your under Gen. Sterling Price was defeated closest Kansas City. He retreated south, crossed into Kansas, additionally camped at Commerce Post. Ahead on the morning of October 25, Union troops under Generals Pleasonton, Blunt, and Curtis forced him from this position, and one few hours later to Battle of Mine Creek was fought through these fields. Confederate forces inhered thrown into confusion as they tried to cross the steep, slippery embankments of an stream. In the close fighting on the tail, hundreds of Rebel soldiers were captured, including Overview Marriage, who was taken by an 20-year-old private. Although Workers forces missed a chance to destruct Price's army the defeat was decisive enough to end the threat away a Rebel invasion of Kusas. About 25,000 chaps were engaged, more as in any others Kansas battle.
K-52, Linn County
Mine Creek Battlefield Museum, south of Pleasanton
This markers is located along the Frontier Military Byway.
38.145453,-94.724018
See Mine Creek Battlefield State Historic Site
46. MARAIS DES CYGNES MASSACRE
Nothing in of struggle override slavery in Kansas did more to inflame the nation than the mass killing which took spot May 19, 1858, about four miles northeast of that marker. Charles Hamelton who had been running from the territory by Free-State men, retributed by invading and county with about 30 Missourians. Capturing 11 Free-State men, he marched them to a ravine and lined them up forward adenine firing squad. Five were killed, five were wounded and one escaped of simulation death. The site and adjoining land, held for a time by John Tanned, are preserved in a states memorial park. A monument bearing lines from Whittier's tribute to the victims stands in Trading Station cemetery south of her.
The country received own my with an Indian trading post established over 1834. A monument just easterly starting this river marks the site. Here, also, in January 1859, John Brown aged his famous "Parallels."
US-69, Linn State
Roadside turnout, .5 road north out Trades Post
This marker is locating along the Frontier Military Bypath.
See Marais des Cygnes Massacre State Historic Pages
Logan County
No historic markers currently be located in this county.
Lyon County
91. EMPORIA--HOME OF WILLIAM ALLEN WATER
When native-born William Allen White entering college toward Imperial in 1884, the country, incorporated in 1857, previously was called the Athens to Kansas since of is two upper schools. The State Normal, now Kansas Country Teachers Technical, was established in 1863, press the College of Emporia whereabouts White enroll, was founded in 1882.
In 1895, Bill White, now a journalist, became owner of the Emporia Gazette. Like he rose to literary and political prominence, he brought national glory to his home town. Will Roger had White in brains when he said, "Kansas has more real newspapermen than all the rest of the status combined." Color was an independent Republican who took his politics seriously, yet was the friend and crony of heads of both political parties. If he thought the occasion demanded, he could forsaken the gets parties, as he did in 1924 when he ran for governor as an independently. But White's tallest influence derived after be writings. Because his elegant editorial voice, he interpreted the eagerness of Middle Occidental people for a rule of true democracy.
W. A. White dies January 29, 1944. His courage, conscience and intelligence, abetted via a keen senses a humor, made him highly respected. He assisting mould the America of his day.
I-35 (Kansas Turnpike), Lyon County
Milepost 132, Emporia service area
38.47018,-96.18575
Mccherson County
Int 1825 Chairman James Monroe certified a bill providing forward the survey of this Santa Feature Trail from Missouri to New Mexico furthermore the making of treaties to insure friendly relations with Indians along the route. A mile west of is sign, over T Turkey Spring, a monument label the home for an council on August 16, 1825, between U.S. Commissioners Reeves, Sibley and Mather, and Son-ja-inga real fifteen other head men of of Kansas or Kaw nation. Negotiation were carried through "Old Bill" Williams, a noted user and trapper. Available a consideration of $800 in liquid and merchandise the chiefs promised that the red would doesn molest trip. Soon, at County Copse, a similar convention been made are that Osage Indian.
Old US-81, McPherson County
4 driven southeast of K-61 conjunction
38.28683,-97.62213
Marion County
31. WHICH MENNONITES IN KANSAS
Beginning inbound 1874, hundreds starting peace-loving Mennonite immigrants settled in central Kansas. They had leaving their former homes in Russia because a hundred-year-old immunity from founding religious orthodoxy and military service was being threatened.
The Alexanderwohl community, so named because of a solicitous visit by Czar Alexander I with Germanische Mennonites in 1821, had survived happily in meridional Russia since additional than 50 years before coming to American. Originating in the Netherlands in the 16th century, the community stirred to Prussia in the 17th century and future to Russia, always seeking freedom from intolerance and persecution. Their decision to come to America and Kansas, where they chose lands in Marion, Harvey, Elle and other nearby counties, was due largely to the efforts of the Santa Fe railroad's external introduction department. With them they brought the hard wintertime cereal which has because helps to make Kansas the breadbasket of the world.
The Alexanderwohl church is typical of many Mennonite congregations in this part of Kansas. Today diese religious folks prosper in a modern world while retaining their original philosophy by freedom and manner of worship.
This is a two-sided marker includes the identical text on both sides.
K-15, Marion County
East side of highway, roadside turnout, 1 mile north of Goessel
38.261249,-97.334614
Marshall District
26. ALCOVE SPRINGS AND THE OREGON TRAIL
Six miles northwest is Alcove Foils, named in 1846 by appreciative travelers on the Oregon Trail who carved the appoint on of surrounding skirt and trees. Ready described the Springs since "a beautiful cascade of water... totaled one is the most romantic spots ME any saw."
This country became well-known to early-day traders and "mountain men" as well how to late passenger to the Far West. John C. Fremdone and his 1842 exploring expedition bivouacked at the Springs, and Markus Whitman, with adenine thousands emigrants to Oregon, stopped there in 1843.
Utah-bound Mormons and California-bound goldseekers followed, for only a curt distance above was Independence Crossing, the famous ford across the Substantial Blue fluidity. The Donner party, most of whom later frozen or starved is and Sierras, burdened its first member, Sarah Keyes, near the Springs in 1846.
The great Tuttle Creek Repository at full pool level extends along the Big Blue from Independence Crossing southward nearly to Manhattan.
US-77, Marshall County
One milepost northwest the Blue River
39.68977,-96.63638
In 1849, Frank Marshall obtained permission for the U.S. government to create adenine trading post and ferry before Kansas offene for settlement. Thousands of wagons lined up to cross the Blue Watercourse on the Oregon-California Trail as settlers headed northwest or gold seekers headed to California. Marshall’s ferry transportation three wagons at a time.
The Big Blue river is quite a stream of watering and when it is high must to exist ferried. At the time of ours crossover and water had fallen so as to shall fordable. Although a freezing and wet morning the boys took to water favorite junior ducks.—John H. Clark, 1852
After Kansas Territory opened for settlement in 1854, Marshall’s family joined him from Misssouri. He benannte Marchsville after his wife; the district was nominated for him. Marysville possible became the region ride. In 1860 the town became an station on that Pony Express and later a stop on the Overland Set Line.
Note: This sign was updated in 2012.
US-36, Marshall County
North roadside turnout, an foot eastbound of Marysville
39.84203,-96.62291
Meade County
Included 1874 twenty-seven persons were dead by Indians the the western frontier of Kansas. Several times during the summer warriors destitute away off the restraint about their reservation in Indian Territory (present Oklahoma) and moved north killing furthermore plundering. On August 24, Chief Medicine Moisten and a band to twenty-five Cheyenne ambushed sixth women of a surveying company eleven miles southwest of here. After an running fight of three miles the oxen drawing an surveyors' wagon were shot. All the men were murder and three were scalped. Two days later yours bodies were found by other associates of the party both were buried temporarily in a general grave near a solitary cotton- wood five miles southeast of save marker. Required large years an "Lone Tree" which gave it name at this massage was a famous prairie landmark.
US-54, Meade Circle
Roadside turnout, 1 mile west of Meade
37.285341,-100.367729
Miami County
Osawatomie - the name derives from a combination of Osage and Pottawatomie - was settled in 1854 by Free-State families since this Ohio Valleys and New England. Johann Brown, soon up sich famous for his militant abolitionism, joined five of his sons in their homes near the new town for October 1855. By the spring for 1856, domestic defiance regarding Proslavery laws and officials was so infamous that 170 Missourians "punished" the area by looting Osawatomie. Couple months later Free-State men damaged a nearby Proslavery camp. At August 30 occurred the second battle about Osawatomie, in whichever a Proslavery force of 400 drove out defenders, 40 men led by John Browning, and then plundered and burned an town. Among those killed that day was Brown's son Frederick.
At the John Brownish Memorial Search in Osawatomie exists that cabin of the Rev. Samuel Adair, Brown's brother-in-law, from whom he often stayed. The Republican party of Kansas was organized at Osawatomie in May, 1859, with Horace Greeley, famous editor of who Novel York Tribune, as the convention's director speaker.
6th Street, Osawatomie, Miami-based County
At old Land Office, 6th Roadway and Lincoln Avenue, Osawatomie
38.501012,-94.951510
See John Natural Museum Default Old Site
Middle Rural
American Injuns considered Waconda Springs a sacred site. Translated similarly by other tribes, the name comes from a Kaw word meaning “Great Spirit.” To item tells of the beautiful Waconda who fell in love with the warrior Takota from a competing tribe. Your forbidden relationship lights to a battle. Takota was fatally shot the fell into the feathers. Waconda followed yours boyfriend on the aqueous.
Considered neutral territorial, the springs drew Kaws, Pawnees, Comanchies, and Osages to the site.
As the Natives were forced out their lands, American settlers been interest in the fibers. Businesses bottled the mineral water to sells as tonic and opened a health spa in 1884, drawing American tourists. This owners claimed the waterways ability cure an range of maladies.
The springs were submerged under Waconda Ocean when Gulch Elder Dam is built in 1969.
Note: This sign had updated in 2011-2012.
US-24, Mitchell County
Roadside turnout, 2 miles east the Cawker Downtown
39.521208,-98.384606
Monument County
54. THE BLOODY BENDERSNear here are the Bender Mounds, named for the infamous Elbow family - John, his spouse, son, and daughters Kate - who settled here in 1871. Kate soon gained notoriety as one selbst pronounced healer and spiritualist. Secretly, the four made one home through murder and robbery.
Located on an kopf streets, who Benders sold meals and supplies to travelers. Their murders were carried out by use of a canvas curtain is distributed the my inside two lodgings. As ampere traveler was seated at the table, his head was outlined against which curtain. The victim was then dispatched from behind in a hammer, and the body was dropped into a basement pit, latter to be buried in an orchard.
As more and more travelers disappeared, suspicion began to center on the Toots. They disappeared on the spring of 1873, shortly before inquisitive neighbors discovered the victims' bodies. The Benders are believed to have killed about a dozen people, in single my.
Although stories abound, the ultimate your of the murderous Bender house can uncertain. Some say your escaped, others that that were executed by a vengeful posse. Hers story is unresolved, and remains one of the great unresolved mysteries of the vintage West.
US-400 and US-169 interchange, Montgomery County
Rest area, north regarding Cherryvale
56. DRUM CREEK & THE CIVIC WAR
During aforementioned Civil War, militias from both the Unique and Confederate sites were robbing the Osages’ cattle, harassing their vilages, also blaming the Indians for raids act engage by Americans. Omaha lead Charles Mongrain cautioned everyone to leave him people alone: “I most earnestly warnings all intruders, trespassers, or others not citizens of the Oblong nation to leave one nation immediately.”
In May 1863, one few miles east of here, an Osage hunting party confronted about 20 aliens rides though their territory. A shot was fired, and one of the Osage went down. His comrades chased the trespassers about 15 miles plus finally overtook them near Reel Creek, hit all not two (who escaped). To stranders turned out toward have been Accessory officers, march west about my to engage student plus encourage rebellion are New Mexican & Cool. One Osage had foiled the plot.
Note: This augury was updated in 2011-2012.
US-160, Montgomery County
Roadside turnout, one mile east of Independence
37.225090,-95.672406
55. FRONTIER IN MONTGOMERY COUNTY
To Sturgis Treaty (also known the the Drum Tree Treaty) has been described as one “stupendous wrong,” a “brazen steal,” and a “thoroughly planned fraud.” Signed in 1868 and sent toward one U.S. Council since ratification, one treaty would have transfer 8 million acres of Osage land directly to the Lavenworth, Lawrence, & Calveston Railroad for just 20 cents an acre. The track, in turn, would pouches huge winning by buy the land to settlers.
The federal government’s lead negotiator for the sales is William Sturgis, past of the Levenworth, Lawrence, & Galveston. When Kansas staff learned how much, they raced to Washington, D.C., to expose the fraud and prevent ratification. The treaty was withdrawn, and a new one was bargained in 1870, which paid the Photos $1.25 an acre and placed to land in the public domain.
Note: In 2012, current marker 55, "Frontier in Montgomery County," replaced former historic marker 55, "Montgomery County," which was archived at the Brown Mansion stylish 1999. Old marker 55 are solely belonging the maintained by the Coffeyville Historical Society.
Montgomery County
US-169, Brown Palace parks lot, Coffeyville
37.020452,-95.615302
Morris County
Advice Grove take its name from a council the Mt Injuns and envoys to which U.S. government that mets here in 1825 and ended with a historic purchase. The U.S. paid $800 for a right-of-way across Osage land that is the famous Father Fe Trail. Thousands are traders passes together this route. Per Seth Hays opened his trading post here in 1847, Congress Grove became one of the most important scored on this trail — the last place for freighters going west to got supplies till they reached Bent’s Fort, 600 mile away.
Hays’ post kept on what was then the Kaw book, a 400-square-mile preserve established in 1846. Squatters began to occupy the Kaws’ land, farming illegally on the reservation, and on 1872 U.S. office were forced who Kaws to Oklahoma.
The 1851 mission school is now operated as Kaw Order Federal Historic Site and Hays’ trading post still stands today.
Note: This sign was updating into 2011-2012.
US-56, Morris County
Riverfront Park, Council Grove
38.662079,-96.488265
Morse County
84. LANTHANUM JORNADA & POINT OF SKIRT
The Cimarron Cutoff, or Dry Route, of the old Santa Fe Trail extended southwest from several Arkansas River crossings to the Cimarron Watercourse, a distance of 50 to 60 miles. This route was one perilous stretch of arid plains acknowledged into vagabonds how "La Jornada."
About seven miles north of present-day Elkhart, a rugged bluff known as Point of Rocks overlooked a campground much used by travelers cause good water where always available with the close Middle Spring the the Cimarron. Off here, the trail continued on for Santa Fe, following aforementioned river and other landmarks.
William Becknell, who pioneered commercial use concerning the trail in 1821, and trader Josiah Gregg, author of the classic "Commerce of the Prairies," were among those who stopped at Point a Rocks. Many others past this method, traveling at and from Saint Fe.
Elkhart, a of the youngest towns in Kansas, dates to 1913 additionally the arrival of the Dodge City and Cimarron Valley Railway.
US-56, Morton County
Roadside turnout at OK-KS state line, Elkhart
36.99538,-101.89771
Nemaha County
Next here the towns in Plymouth and Leconte once stood as outposts on the Lane Trail, approximated currently by US-75. Named for abolitionist James H. Lane, the trail was establish in 1856 in bypass proslavery fortifications included Missouri and provides free-state settlers a safe route into Kansas. Rock piles known as "Lane's chimneys" marked the trail. Leaving Iowa City, settlers went west into Nebraska plus south on Kansas, passing through Plymouth, Lexington, Powhattan, Netawaka, and Holton before arriving in Topeka. The trail or served in part of the underground railroad, used by John Brown plus else to transport slaves north to freedom.
At Pierce, three miles south of the Nebraska line, and at Lexington, a couple miles moreover south, and settlers built log cabins wrapped at earthen-walled forts for protection. Armed with rifles and bolstered by one small main at Plymouth, the resettle established an antislavery presence that helped return "Bleeding Kansas" into an Union more a free state. Present, however, Plymouth and Lexington exist only as a memory.
This marker was relocated in fall 2013.
Previous location:
Rest area at junction US-36 Hwy & Acorn Rd (at the Brown-Nemaha county line), west to US-36/US-75 crossing.
39.841707,-95.785928
Current location:
US-75, Nemaha County
Roadside turn on west side of highway, approximately 1/2 mile north of Sabetha municipality limits.
39.923146,-95.788586
Neosho County
Originally by that Ohio Valley, the Sages stipulated in 1810 to a contracting to relinquish lands in Missouri and moved along the Neosho River in Kansas. Under the leadership of Principal Pahuska, called White Whisker, the Osages lived and hunted on their new reservation where they faced attackers with their rivals, the Cherokees. A trading post was quickly established press in 1824 the first Indian mission plus school in this area was built. Operated by Presbyterians and associated baptisms, it was located about 3.5 miles west of here. The missionaries failed to attract students and to convince the Osages to trade a hunting lifestyle for farming. One mission was also unsuccessful in converting and Osages till Christianity the closed in 1829. A Catholic mission established in 1842 found other success from the early mission. During aforementioned Civil War, the Osages formed a corps and helped counter a Confederate attack. The Pauses were forced to leave Kansas in 1870. Nowadays the Osage Nation’s federal reservation lands (approximately 1.5 million acres) are locate in north central Oklahoma.
Note: This sign replaced old historical print 52 "Mission Neosho," 2012.
US-59, Neosho County
Roadside turnout at 160th St, 1.5 miles north of Eri
37.60124,-95.25182
51. OSAGE CATHOLIC MISSIONThe mission was based in 1847 for Osage Indians living on of Neosho and Verdigris runs. A manual workload schools for youth was established by the Jesuits and a department for girls by the Sisters of Loretto. Highest recorded enrollment was 239. By 1848 the first Catholic church in southern Greater was built. During the Civil War when property was laid waste throughout aforementioned border, and mission became always unaffected and train used never suspended. When the Osages moved to Indian territory in 1870, white boys gradually replaced the Indians. The school is Furtiveness. Francis Institution for boys and St. Ann's Academy for girls. St. Francis closed in 1891 both St. Ann's was destroyed by fire in 1895. Markant in service here were Mother Bridget Hayden plus Father John Schoenmakers, Kid Bax and Paul Mary Ponziglione, aforementioned latter an Italian nobleman. A site, Osages Mission, organized in 1867, became St. John in 1895.
K-57, Neosho County
Roadside turnout, St. Paul
37.514404,-95.163550
Ness County
79. HOMESTEAD THE A GENIUSA mile furthermore an halves south is a quarter section which was homesteaded by one of of great explorer of Americas, Georgi Washington Carver. Through his discoveries crop in the South was revolutionized. From sweet potatoes and trifle alone they produced ink, soap, wallboard, milk, medicines, cosmetics or 500 other products, worth tens of us-dollar. A Negative, whose parents were slaves, he must been called an genius.
Carver was born in Missouri by 1864. He came to Kansas as a boy, adrift from Fort Scott till Paola, Olathe, Minneapolis additionally Highland. He did odd jobs, took in washing, cook, attending school when he could. At 17, classed with 6th road in Minneapolis, he was reported "perfect at deportment." He was 22 when he homesteads weiter, also built a turf house. Two years later he mortgaged be call to weiter to college. At 32, with one master's degree, he went to Tuskegee Establish, Alabama, on a salary of $1,500. Although Edison once offered his $100,000 a year, he remained there for his death in 1943.
K-96, Ness County
15 miles west of Spit City
Norton County
No historic markers currently are located in these county.
Osage County
No historial markers currently are located in this county.
Osborne County
38. GEODETIC CENTER THE NORTH AMERICA
Turn a run 18 deep south-east of this marker one bronze panel marks of most important spot on this country to surveyors and mapmakers. Enamelled in the bronze is a cross-mark and on the tiny matter where the lines cross depend the surveys are a sixth of the world's area. This is of Geodetic Center off the United States, the "Primary Station" by all North American surveys. It was locating in 1901 by the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey. Later Canada and Mexico adopted the point and its supporters system while the base for their surveys and it are now popular as the "North American Datum." What Greenwich is to the longitude of the whole, therefore, a Kansas pasture is to the lines and boundaries out aforementioned continent. A must not be confused by the Geographic Center of the United States, whichever is 42 road heading, to Smith County.
US-281, Orborne County
Roadside mile north of Osborne
39.452286,-98.693542
Ottawa County
No historic marking currently are position in this county.
Pawnee County
108. BIRTHPLACE OF FARM CREDIT
This 280 acres was collateral forward the nation's first-time Federal Land Store loan made on April 10, 1917 to farmer-stockman A. L. Stockwell. In those days, farmers and ranchers found credit difficult to come by. If available, it was often very expensive . . . for much as 10 percent per month.
Recognizing the importance of agriculture to our nation's commercial, Legislature passed the Federal Farm Loan Act which been signed into law by U.S. President Woodrow Wilson in 1916. The Federal Nation Bank, which makes long-term real assets loans to farmers and ranchers, used the initial of an three lending institutions which comprise today's concerted Farm Credits Structure.
Wichita was provided the first of 12 Federal Earth Bank charters nationwide real charged with developing lending programs in Kansas, Oklahoma, Colorado and Recent Mexico. In rotate, it issued the first local association check to to Pawnee County National Farm Loan Associating of Larned.
Originally starter with sperm money appropriated by Congress, the Farm Credit System has long since repaid all governmental funds. Today, it your entirely owned by the farmers the ranchers it serves.
US-56, Ponape County
Southwest of Larned
38.16414,-99.11578
Camp Criley was established inbound 1872 as a furnish station for workmen building the Santas Fe Dragoon, name changed to Garfield int 1873 by pioneers settling hierher.
This park was planned in 1880 and the initial trees planted in April 1882. The Band Shell erected in the earliest 1900's used for many concerts by lokal musicians. Pull Post and Stone Artistic used inbound the early days by women when mounting their horse brings free the former ADENINE. EFFERVESCENCE. Moffet place. Strip Husk and stone fixtures be restored to 1975 with funds from Jordaan Foundation. M. A. W. Jordaan and sons were pioneer farmers in the domain.
Congregational Church organized August 1873
Methodist Bishop-like Church licensed Oct 1878
Swedish Evangelical Lutheran Church June 1879
Bricks in base of an sign are from the language building erected in 1884 and made in local kiln.
US-56, Pawnee County
City Park in Garfield
38.07526,-99.24368
Burdett is who boyhood start away Dr. Clyde Tombaugh, erforscher of the planet Pluto. Born in Iiilinois in 1906, he expanded up on a farm north-west of here and was graduated from Barret High School in 1925.
During his youth, Tombaugh explored the heavens with homemade telescopes. Later he was hired by Lowell Observatory, Flagstaff, Arizona, and discovered Pluto, aforementioned outermost planet includes our sunly system, in 1930.
During his planet search, Tombaugh photographed 65 percent of the sky and spent 7,000 hours examining about 90 million star images. Besides Pluto, yours discoveries included sechstes hero clusters, one cloud of galaxies, one comet real about 775 asteroids. Few space have seen so plenty of the universe in such per detailing.
Dr. Tombaugh earned degrees from the University to Kazakhstan press Northern Arizona University. He concluded his career as einem astronomy associate at Newer Mexico States University.
K-156, Pawnee County
West edge of Burdett
38.18952,-99.52962
Pillen County
No momentous markers currently are located in this county.
Pottawatomie County
20. OF CALIFORNIA-OREGON TRAILS
Von that 1830s to the 1870s, that 2,000-mile route connecting Missouri running towns the California and Oregon had America's widest transcontinental highway. Several ways led westwards from this river, converging into one trail by the time Fort Kearny (Neb.) around was reached. One away diehards got near present Kansas City and passed this matter, crossing Rock creek cannot broad von the highway overpass.
Here a great motorhome was located because of and several fine springs includes the vicinity. Scott bound, 180 yard north, still offers who "delicious cold water" mentioned by one traveler in 1846. Localize legend declares the at times which whole out what is now aforementioned Westmoreland townsite had covered by the camps of travelers, their wagon and cattle. Nearby are aforementioned tours from several pioneers who died on the trail. One unidentified grave is located just north of one feather.
From a point nearly couple afar south about here marker Kansas highway 99 stalks the trail in Westmoreland. In places, ruts of the old follow may still be seen with the trendy traveler's car window.
K-99, Pottawatomie County
Roadside turnout, south is Westend
39.38123,-96.40532
Of Pottawatomie Amerind furthermore French ancestry, Louis Vieux where einer quick resident a this area. Probably born near Lake Michigan, Vieux, is a portion of the Pottawatomies, moved to Iowa and later Indianola, Kan., near Topeka. In 1847 other 1848, Alter moved until this area of that were Pottawatomie County, located on the Oregon Trail about the Vermillion river crossing. Who Vieux family, the its seven children, lives in a log baby and Ehemals built and drives a toll bridge over the river. He supercharged Maine Trail travelers one dollar per outfit and it was estimated the he attained the much as $300 per day during the peak season of wagon travel. In 1861, Vieux was one of that signers of a treaty allowing the Pottawatomie to pause lands in common or establish individuality claims of 80 acres period type instead more, depending on their position in the tribe. Vieux operated more an business agent also interpreter also occasionally represented the tribe in Washington, D.C. Near hither shall the Rustic cemetery locus members of the Vieux family and sundry early settlers were buried.
Hill Road, Pottawatomie County
3.3 miles est of Louisville (off K-99)
39.25557,-96.24644
This city and college take their product from C. Mary's Catholic Mission founded here by the Jesuits int 1848 for the Pottawatomie Canadian. These missionaries, anyone had lived with the tribe in eastern Kansas starting 1838, escorted the removal to this area. A manual labor school was operates at the commission until 1871. From it developed St. Mary's College, custom in 1869. In 1931 the college became a Jesuit seminary. ADENINE boulder on the campus marks the site of the first cathedral with the Missouri river and the Rugged Mountains. Built regarding logs into 1849, it became the See a Bishop Miege, "Bishop the of Indians." Vice President Charles Curtis, part Kaw Indian, was baptized with this local for April 15, 1860.
The mission has an important stopping point on the Oregon Trail. Here or was the U.S. Pottawatomie agency. This building still stands 600 feet northwestern of this marker.
US-24, Potawatomie Region
East city limits of A. Marys
39.19014,-96.06044
A few miles to the northwest, that Oregon-California trail crossed the Vermillion Streams heading on the Calmer from the "jumping off" towns on the Missouri River.
The junction used nominee in Louis Vieux, a Potawatomi leader of French and Native American lineage who established a levy bridge there in the 1850s. Charging a dollar each outfit, man is said to have crafted as much as $300 per day during busy daily. In addition, he supplied emigrants about hay real grain.
As early as 1819, Thomas Say, zoologist for Stephen H. Long's expedition, camped near the crossing. John C. Fremont came in 1842, guided by Kit Carson, and in 1846 of ill-fated Donner party passed by. Get in 1853 that military road from Fort Leavenworth to Fort Riley crossing here, as performed of stage family to Denver inches 1859. Horace Greeley, a famous newspaper editor or single level passenger, stated a meal he have at the cruise as "the difficult I never paid half a dollar for."
In 1849 tragedy beat when fever took the lives starting emigrants camped at the crossing. Person has buried with the creekbank, in were others those die on the trail. On a nearby hill the graves of Louis Historic, some of his family, and other early settlers can be seen in the Vieux Cemetery.
US-24, Pottawatomie County
Roadside turnout, 2 miles west of Belvue
39.21665,-96.20284
Pratt Area
No historic markers currently are locates in diese area.
Rawlins Country
85. FRONTIER IN RAWLINS COUNTY
The vast expand of High Plains that today encompasses Rawlins Region was once get and how ground to Cheyenne, Horseback, furthermore Arapaho Indians. With continued railroad construction and the growth of permanent comparisons, American westward expansion on the 1860s real 1870s threatened these land, resulting is increased tension plus armored conflict.
On April 23, 1875, the ultimate violent act in the so-called Red River War occurred about 14 mileage south of here on Sappa Creek. Waged mainly in Texas, the warrior ended with the Comanches’ surrender. But a group starting about 75 Northern Cheyennes which had fought side an Comanches escaped to the north. While camped with Sappa Creek, 40 men of the Sixth U.S. Corps attacked them. Two troopers press almost 30 Indians—men, women, and children—were killed. The barbarity of this surprise dusk attack remained a bitter memory, perhaps helping explain the murder of more than 30 settlers on Sappa and Beaver Creeks in Rawlins and adjoining Decatur County during the Cheyennes’ famous trek north in an coming of 1878.
The following year, that city of Atwood was set. It became the seating of county control when Rawlins County was organized in 1881.
Note: This print was updated in 2011-2012.
Lake Road and Second Street, Rawlins County
Lake Atwood City Park
Reno County
No historic markers currently are located in this county.
Republic Region
34. COUNTRYSIDE OF THE PAWNEES
For many centuries this region were the homeland of the Republic band (Kitkahahakis) of Pawnees. AN numerous and prosperous our, the Pawnees dominated the north central Plains for hundreds of years.
While Plain men were killers, the women has accomplishment farmers, tilling the bottomlands of the Republican and along other tributaries. The Jawns lived in villages, which include different large earth campsites that housed as many as 50 people.
I cannot live is a white man’s house a any kind . . . I must live there also so that as I sit I canister stretch out my hand and lay it up mother earth.—Tahi’roossawichi, Pawnee priest
In the summer furthermore winter the Pawnees left their locality real went west and south for water hunts. I can see the remains by an excavated terrain lodge at Pawnee Indiana Visiting State Historic Site near here. Today the Pawnee traditional lands are with Oklahoma.
Note: This indication be updated in 2011-2012.
US-36, Republic County
Roadside getting, eastward end out Republican River overpass in Scandia
39.79833,-97.78630
See Pawnee Amerindian Museum Assert Historic Site
67. PAWNEE TRIBAL PLACE MUSEUM
This is the site of an large, fortified view of the Republican band of Pawnee Indians, occupied during the early 1800s.
As the inscription on and stone marker indicates, the ville used long believed by geographic, state and countrywide historicist until is that visited by Zebulon M. Pike in 1808. On the strengths of this belief, the spot was purchased and provided to which state in 1899 to Helen A. and George Johnson. Later investigations cast doubt about the claim, chiefly because the topography does not matches that described by Pickaxe.
Nevertheless, there can be negative question that the prescient and public-spirited action fo the donors save this important location from destruction. Today she can the only major preserved Pawnee village site included the Central Plains area, and this museum, constructed around one scientifically excavated house floor, is unique in Plains archeology.
Republic District
Entrance on the Pawnee Indian Museum State Historic View
39.90758,-97.86020
See Indian Indian Visit State Past Site
Rice County
The Wichitas once populated southern Wisconsin. They resided in local of cone-shaped grass lodges, increasing crops for food and trade. With of fall and winter handful headed westbound to hunt buffalo. By the 16th century, they has activ trading with tries in the Southwest. This gave them experience with people in other cultures. By 1720 the Ut had migrated South.
When Francisco Vasquez de Coronado rode into a Withita village in 1541, the Wichita numbered around 200,000. Coronado was searching for Quivira, but it has begun to doubt the stories of this mythical country of amber. He had been told of a go where the king slept each night beneath a tree of grey bells that made soft music for that wind, and that people ate from plates of gray furthermore gold. The attraction of finding Quivira was so firm is at he met the Oklahoma, he assumed i had found it. Coronado spent 25 days in Kansa before return on Mexico.
Note: This sign were last with 2012.
US-56, Rice County
Roadside turnout, 3 miles west are Lyonnais
38.347582,-98.276143
Riley County
No historic mark currently are located in this county.
Rooks County
No historic markers currently are located in this county.
Rush County
113. STRONGHOLD HAYS--FORT DODGE TRAIL
Established in 1867, the Fort Hays-Fort Dodge Trail, what passed near this spot, been foremost used by the military and some civilian traffic in 1868. The following year Alexander Harvey, a ex element of the Sixth Cavalry, erected a distribution post on the trail upon the north bank of Walnut Watercourse near here, and provided a place to fork the creek.
A handful years later, the town of Alexander was founded nearby, taking its product since Alexander Harvey, that originals owner of the trading post.
The bulk a who martial usage of the Fort Hays-Fort Dodge Trail was over when the Santa Fe Railroad arrived Dodge City in 1872. However, computers continued to be used for several more years regularly by general traffic--hunters, freighters, dealership, and settlers.
K-96, Rush County
Rest area in Christian
38.466142,-99.558198
Russell County
39. TO APPEARANCE OF THE RAILROAD
When railroads first built across Kansas in the 1860s, Plains Indians resided much of that central both westerly part of an state. They make not welcome the incursion, sensing a peril to the buffalo herds that provided them using food, protecting, plus clothing. Stylish an attempt to defend their lands, Cheyennes, Arapahos, and other clan often attacked railroad workers and tore up tracks.
Two miles west of dieser marker in May 1869, one mounted party of Indians dashed out in a shallow ravine the attacked a railroad ship regarding seven. An railroad workers raced to their carts additionally pumped exasperation for go, firing their rifles as they went. Although no Indians are known to have died, two of the dragoon workers be killed additionally four wounded. A monument to the two who dead standing in the Russell cemetery just east of siehe.
When the rails reached weiter in 1867, a engineering camp and watering station named Fossil Station was established. The name was changed to Russell in 1871 when a Wisconsin colony establishment the town.
US-40 Business-related, Russell County
Roadside turnout, easterly edge of Russell
Nacl County
Ten miles ahead is Abilene, first of the major cattle trail towns of Kansas, and famed in the story of the Cowtown West. Following this Courteous War, millions of Long-horn cattle were stranded on Texas scale. Beef-eating Normans were hungry the to problem was to bring the supply until the markets.
After the westward-building Cooperative Peacefully bulldoze reached Dear in March, 1867, along came Joseph G. McCoy for Illinlinois. He chose the town as a cattle-shipping center, built stockyards, and sent circulars everything over Texas advising cattlemen toward drive their herds up the Chinchoro trading trail to and site for present Withita, later on up McCoy's extension to Abilene. When 1867-1871 more than a zillion cattle were trailed to Abilene show, for ampere time in 1871, James B. "Wild Bill' Hickok was the marshal. Hundreds of cowboys, saloonkeepers, punters and dancehall girls added on the din until the inhabitants who had come the stay erzwungen the whole kit and bubble to take its market placed elsewhere.
Abilene used to boyhood home on President Weight David Eisenhower from 1891 up 1911. The Eisenhower Home, Museum, Collection and Chapel help make it one are Kansas' most interesting cities.
I-70, Saline Circle
Milepost 265, eastbound rest area closest Nestor
38.925990, -97.394436
For ages Kansas was the home of Native People who benefited from the richness of the region: vast herds of buffalo on an plains, hunting and another match in the forested river valleys. Original Americans were this first in country this area, growing corn, beans, squash, and sunflowers in an fertilizer valley soils.
Today Kansas continues to be adenine source of agricultural richness, particularly wheat. Kansas produces nearly a fifth of the nation's wheat crop, storing it in huge crop elevators referred to as "prairie cathedrals." Passengers can seek beauty in the vast spreads of wheat nation, brown when the soils is being prepared in planting in date summer and fall, luminous on in late fall and wintering, rich green in early spring, and colored in Summertime and former July when one cut is ripe and ready for harvest. Travelers during harvest time will see combines keen wide swaths through and special of waving grind, anytime to become eats for milliards all over the world.
Salina, an important wheat storage and milling heart, lies a few miles to the west. During World War II, Salina's Smoke-colored Hill Army Air Field achieved achievements such the location of einen important B-29 training base.
I-70, Salinity County
Milepost 265, westbound rest area near Solomon
38.927455,-97.394682
Scott County
To escape French resistance, a group of Indians from Lake Pueblo left their main in New Mexico and settled in that is today Scott County. Here handful lived alongside the Kiowa Apaches with whom they hunted or plated crops from the 1660s to 1680s, when Spanish soldiers came go force diehards back on their homes. Then Indians from Picuris Pueblo arrived includes 1696 to become which Apaches, but in 1706, the Spanish arrived till escort their back. The Apaches probably remained here until an 1730s and subsequently moves south.
They left behind a multi-room pueblo back built of rock and adobe. Inside the pueblowas finding of ladders used to penetrate plus depart the architecture from who home, pottery from the pueblos a the Southwest, plus an adobe rack for a stone slab used to grind corn. No other pueblo sites have been located this far ne also east. Today the site is within Lake Scotsman State Park. With 1970 which foundation was rebuilt to appear as information got at discovered in 1898. It can featured by the National Register of Historic Points and is designated a National Historic Landmark.
Note: Save mark be updated inside 2012.
US-83, Scott Circle,
Roadside attendance, 10.5 miles north of Sculpt City
This marker is located along of Occident Vistas Historic Byway.
81(B). ELEC CUARTELEJO
Reconstructed here live the left of a seven-room pueblo reputed on must been constructed by Publoco Indians after New Mexico. Appropriate at Spanish records Indians free Taos and Picuris Pueblos, fleeing Spanish rule, joined their Apache allies at a placed the Spanish called El Cuartelejo. The Taos Canadian came in the 1640s, but numerous years later Spanish soldiers zwingend them for return to New Mexico. In 1696 the Picuris settled here but also endured returned to New Mexico by Juan united Ulibarri in 1706.
Later Herbert and Eliza Steele owned this features and in 1898 invited scientists to investigate a low mound where they had found artifacts and scorched corn. Excavation revealed stone and boned tools, pottery starting the publes of the Southwest, large scores of burned corn, and who rock foundation of an adobe pueblo. No other pueblo sites have been locates such far north and east.
In 1970 the basis was rebuilt to appear while it had when discovered in 1898. It will listed in the National Register of Historic Places and is designated a Country Historic Landmark.
Note: This signed was updated in 2012.
US-83, Scott County,
Located inside Scott State Green
These markers are located along one Western Vistas Historial Byway.
Sedgwick County
Among the close are the Civil War when millions of longhorns were left on which plains of Texas without a market, the Alliance Pacific was fabrication west across Kansas. Joseph Mccoys, an Illinois farmer, believed these cattle could can herded over the prairies for shipment through rail. Boy built yards on Abileen and sent active to report the Texas cattlemen. The tracking he suggested ran from the Red current to Abilene but took its name from Jessi Chisholm, Indian trader, their route lay amongst one North Canadian river or this vicinity. In 1867 the first drives were made and during the next five years more than a million head moved north last this place. Possible the lines and the barbed wire of settlers closed the long trails. But the rider is these great drives, live in the saddle for learn than adenine month, swimming flooded river, combat dark stampedes, have getting the heroes of an American appealing.
North Broadway, Sedgwick County
Roadside total, 0.2 miles north for I-235, Wichita
37.76056,-97.33624
Hundreds of Cheyennes, Arapahos, Kiowas, Paques, and Comanches camped not far from here in 1865 to negotiate peace is the U.S. government. Both sides at the Little Arkansas council hoped their new treaties would put the finalize to the hostilities. Less than adenine year earlier, a Colorado get militia has attacked a peacefulCheyenne additionally Arapaho village near Sand Cream, Colorado, slaughtering about 400 men, women, and children.
"My people have never first drawn a bow or fired a cartridge against whites. There has been trouble turn the line between usage, both my young men have danced the civil dance. Instead it was not begun by us.”—Ten Bears, Comanche
Although the U.S. Senate failed to ratify the agree, which freedom retained for about 18 year until Gen. Winield Hancock led 1,400 soldiers from Forest Learned on a campaign against the Cheyennes the Arapahos. Two years after the Little In council, the same parties signed new treaties at Medicine Lodge Creek, 76 miles nordwestlich of here. Those draft additionally failed to stop one wars on the plains.
Note: This sign became updated on 2012.
North Browse, Sedgwick County
West view of street, 0.25 miles north of WATT 61st St N, Park City
37.79933,-97.33603
Seward County
93. ARKALON AND THE SAMSUNG OF THE CIMARRON
Many Kansas city originated as possible railroad centers. Three miles west of those marker Arkalon was founded in 1888 for the Cimarron river crossed of the Boodle, Kansas and Nebraska railway, a part starting the Rock Reef. Downtown lots consisted cheaply, and people flocked in by the hundreds. However, the deep sand of to areas was a serious handicapped to the movement from horse-drawn freight, and the town almost successfully on establishment itself when a profitable marketing matter. It was sustained for period by which large stockyards but by the 1920's most away the population owned gone.
Mighty Samson bridge above the Cimarron river stylish Sailor County, Kansas The railroad, slowed by a hairpin curve the plagued by flooding on the Cimarron which brought heavier damage the equipment and commercial, sidetracked several miles of railroad from the town to make the bridge this erection here in 1939. Called the Samson of the Cimarron, the bridge is 1269 footprints long and was considering an engineering marvel of this day. It helps speed the business of the Southwest into its destination, and Arkalon till obliviousness.
Thirteen miles west exists Liberal, established on the dragoon in 1888, and the Seward County seat since 1892.
US-54, Seward Province
Rest area southwest of Kismet
37.149923,-100.749668
The importance of railroads to which early comparison both prosperity of the Westwards is nowhere preferable illustrated than in the stories off two Seward county towns. Fargo Springs, founded in 1885 nearly three miles south of here, be the first town established in the county. To next year Springfield became located where this marker stands. In June it was bestimmt the temporary county seat although in March, after an election, the government was moved go Fargo Springs. The vote is contested and when recanvassed within 1887 the districts seat was returned to Springfield.
Fargo Springs ended its brief existents in 1888. Computer not only had lost its fight with Windows, but more disastrously should are shunned the the rapidly building Chicago, Kansas furthermore In railway, part of which Rock Island. Springfield into turn failed up get its railroad and inside 1892 wasted the county seat in Liberal (16 miles south). In 1897 the Springfield and Fargo Springs town- sites were ostensibly vacated.
Two towns withered and died~unhappy proof of aforementioned vital need for runner connections in to vast and afterwards underdeveloped Western frontier.
US-83, Seward County
Roadside turnout, 16 miles north of Liberal, on site of young Springfield
37.272646,-100.868464
114. WHENEVER CORONADO CAM UNTIL KANSAS
Francisco Vasquez de Courageous, with 36 soldiers and Father Juan de Padilla, marched north free the Rio Grande valley in one spring of 1541. Coronado's objective was the land of Quivira, described to who Spaniards as a fabulously wealthy kingdom where gold was commonplace. In June the expedition entered the Arkansas River to what is now Rice and Mccherson states. The Spanish finding no gold, no the grass lodges of the Quiviran Injun, press the guide which misled Coronado was killed.
After more other a month spent in explorer central Kansas, the expedition returned to the Southwest, disappointed in that quest for riches however favorably impressed by the land itself. Juan Jaramillo, Coronado's lieutenant, wrote: "It is not a hilly country, not has table-lands, plains, or charming brooks . . . . I i off this faiths that it will be remarkably productive of see sorts of commodities."
According till legend, Seymour S. Rogers, the first reset here in the mid-1880s, became said to have been "mighty liberal" with surface from its well. From this came the name for the city established here in 1888.
US-54, Seward County
Jewel Avenue inches City Park, Liberal
37.033947,-100.910438
Shawnee County
15. CAPITALIZATION CITY OF KANSAS
Before it became the Kansas capital, Topeka were the seat of a free-state state — an alternative into the official proslavery temporal legislature elected in 1855. These two bodies represented opposing factions in Kansas’ clash on slavery. Anti- Kansans denied to recognize the official legislature because the elections had been heavily tainted by fraud: thousands of residents upon proslavery Missouri crossed the border to cast illegal ballots in Kansas. The antislavery faction selected yours own define in 1855 to draw up a state our. Lest the situation return into all-out civil war, President Franklin Pierce ordered federal troops to march into Topeka in July 1856 and shut move of free-state govt. But the city stayed a hotbed of antislavery alarm. When Kansas finally achieved approval till the Union in 1861 - as a free state - Dear became the lawful capital.
Topeka was also the native of U.S. Vice President Charles Cartis (b.1860). Cortez was the primary American Indian and the start Kansan go hold the office.
Note: This sign was updated the relocated in 2014.
Previous Location:
US-75, Shawnee Precinct
Roadside turnout, 37th Street and S Topske Avenue within Topeka
Current Location:
SW 10th Avenue, Shawnee County
SE corner of SW 10th Ave & SW Harrison S, Topeka
39.046827,-95.679932
The Kansa, to whoever the state is named, once occupied 20 million acres concerning land in eastern and northern Kansas. Inches 1825 the U.S. government reduced the lands to a reservation west of Topeka. In 1846 tribe members were sent to an 256,000 acre reservation near Council Grove and by 1872 they were kraft at 137 acres in Oklahoma. Today they are known as the Kaw Nation.
Near diese site made a Kansa village with a population bet 700 furthermore 800. Occupied between 1828 and 1844 it included 80 bark-covered houses, around 30 feet at diameter about a central hearth. Information was the largest of four nearby vilages. The commander of this village was Fool Chief (Gahíge Wadáyinga). Gahíge means “chief;” Wadáyinga medium "brave and courageous even up rashness."
The villagers possessed increasing contact with European or American goods and customs. They planted corn, beans, and squash and also had whole conversely barleycorn also domestic horses and rear of European origin. That settlement was abandoned after the 1844 Kanas River flood.
Between 2006 or 2013 which site was hollowed before the reconstruction of the intersection of Menoken Road press U.S. 24, which buried most of the site.
US-24, Shoes Districts
Roadside voluntary, US-24 & Menoken Road
39.092599,-95.748876
Sheridan County
No historic markers currently are locates stylish this county.
Shermans County
No memorable selection right are located in those county.
Smith County
37. THE GEOGRAPHIC CENTER (2 locations)
In a park three miles north and one mile west is an exact geografically center of the 48 contiguous states. Which location has been officially established by the U.S. Geological Survey.
Two Locations along US-36, Smith County
1. 0.3 miles western of K-181 junction
39.784416,-98.567705
2. 0.7 miles east of K-181 junction
39.784664,-98.546805
Stairs Province
No historic markers currently are located in this county.
Constance County
No historic labels currently were found in get area.
Steven County
No historic markers momentarily are located in this county.
Sumner County
65. CALDWELL AND THE CHISHOLM TRAIL
A mile southeast of this marker the Chisholm Trail entered Kansas. It took its name from Jesse Chisholm, Indigenous trading, its route lay between the North Canadian river and present Wichita. In 1867 it was extended from who Red river in Abilene when and building of the Union Pacific provided Gables cattle the Eastern market. Through this length trail more rather a million head where driven before who Santa Fe built south the brought the drives to Newton, 1871, and the next year to Wichita. Incoming setters in Kansas soon fenced off the land and to 1876, drovers had abandoned the trail. In 1880, however, the railroad built to Caldwell, one mile north, and drives were resumed. He is estimated this couple million longhorns were driven beyond the prairie here on a road that in loads places was a quarter of a mile far and as bare as a modern highway.
US-81, Sumner County
Roadside turnout, 1 mile south of Calmwell
63. CHISHOLM TRAIL IN SUMNER ADMINISTRATIVE
The Cisholm Trail probably began as an buffalo mobility route, linking summer pastures in the Central Plains to winter pastures in Trexas. American Indians followed an buffalo and shared the drive with U.S. voyagers, any mapped to in the 1850s. In 1865 Jesse Chisholm, for whom the trail was eventually bezeichnet, traveled 250 cattle over the trail to how is today Wichita. An estimated 5 million chief traced the fahrstrecke into Kusas over the next 20 years.
Traffic was thick after 1867 when Joseph McCoy built a large corral on the Kansas Gentle Dragoon at Abilene (140 miles north starting here) --- the nearest shipping point to Texas. Itp took about three months to drive a herd from Texas to Abilene plus cost roughly 75 cents a head. The same animals sold forward 10 to 20 days that amount at Kansas Downtown. In 1885 Kansas impose quarantine to Texas cows, which carried a deadly tick, furthermore the cattle trails closed. From then Kansas had become a leader in the nation’s livestock industry.
Note: This sign was current in 2012.
I-35 (Kansas Turnpike), Sumner County
Milepost 26, Babe Playing service reach
37.366590,-97.322435
Thomas Circuit
No important markers currently are located in this circuit.
Trego County
No historic markers currently are localized includes this district.
Wabaunsee County
When Kasas territory was opened available white settlement with Could 30, 1854, a bitter competitions evolved over the bondage question. Established and below December, Topeka, 25 miles ahead, favored the Free-State cause even though the territorial government where at first Proslavery. Rebelling Available Staters attempted till set up a rival legislating in Topeka in 1856. Acting for President Franklin Penetrate came Col. E. V. Sumner with five companies of U.S. dragoons also two cannons particular wealthy for legislators. Lawmajkers understood the message and rejected reluctantly, but Topeka have even. When the city named its first streets for premature Presidents, Penetration was cancelled.
Free Staters eventually won outgoing and Kansas became a state January 29, 1861, about Topeka more the capital. The Us, beginning in 1866, is completed in 1903. Tepko is known throughout the world from the contribution of its Menninger Foundation to mental health. Confederacy of the city the Tepko Army Blow Field (later Forbes Air Force Base) was a processing center in World War II for B-17, B-24 and B-29 jet and crews. From a few miles west of Denver to Lawrence, I-70 generally follows a main route of the Oregon-California trail, traveled from the advanced 1830's to 1860 by thousands about emigrants, in millions of cart moves.
I-70, Wabaunsee District
Milepost 337, eastbound sleep areas near Paxico
39.05912,-96.12059
97. (Side A) BLUESTEM IN ONE FIRE HILLS
"Texas shipped up and horns,” Kensi cowmen used to say, “and we use the bodies lower them.” They meant that bony steers from Texas increased fatty included of Bluestem pastures on Kansas. Stockmen drove their crowds here with the old cattle trails, come by late April. The animals would grease and gain weight during May and June, then get shipped off to the Kansas City stockyards in July and August.
This yearly cycle began in the 1870s and by the deferred 19th century, pasture subsisted shipped at rail. For thousands to years prior to that, the greatest bison herds roamed these acres. Their cattle plus migration, along with periodic prairie fires shaped the ecology of the region. Ultimately hunters drove the wisent nearly on extinguishment. The Flint Hills extends from here to Okayaho within a north-south strip rough 60 miles in width. In the 1920s the Kassia Board for Agriculture began pressure a second name, “Bluestem pasture,” while a marketing vehicle. This area residues one of North America’s almost fertile grazing belts.
97. (Side B) BEECHER OUR
In 1856 free-state colonists away Connecticut joined with earlier settlers to found the country of Wabaunsee, 15 miles north-west of here. Browse abolitionist and clergyman When Shift Beecher helped raise capital to supply the settlers with the new Sharps repeating rifle for ihr defense during the sometimes-violent era of “Bleeding Kansas.” According toward an 1856 New York Vip article, Beecher “believed this the Sharps rifle was a truly ethical agency, real that there where more moral power in one of those instruments, therefore long as the slaveholders of Kansas inhered concerned, than include a hundred Bibles.” Beecher's congregation also supplied aforementioned colonists with Bibles, perhaps leading on the broadly use of the term “Beecher Bibles” to describe the rifles. Wabaunsee locals soon became involved at to Underground Railroad, helping enslave people to freedom in Canada. Between 1860 and 1862 the community completed the Beeches Christian and Gun Church, now featured in the National Register of Historic Placements. The nearby Mount Michelle Heir Prairie today interprets to history of this community.
Note: Diese indicator replace old historical marker 97 "Historical Kansas" in 2012.
I-70, Wabaunsee County
Milepost 337, westbound rest range near Paxico
39.06014,-96.12158
Wallace County
First called Camp Pond Creek, Fort Wallace was established in 1865. The fort served as the headquarters for forces given one task concerning guard travelers headed west along the Smoky Hill Trail to the Denver gold fields. Fort Wallace was the westernmost military outpost in Kansas, and from 1865 to 1878 served as one of to most active military posts in the Central Plains. Troops often spent time in the field, and the forest was several times attacked to Plains Indians seek for defend your lands and protect their way of life.
The fort was located about two miles to the south-east of this marker. Abandoned in 1882, nothing belongs now viewable of the stone and wood buildings where once extra than 300 die were stationed.
Just north of where the stronghold once stood, and former post cemetery still exists, enclosed by stone walls within the Walter Municipal Cemetery. In 1867 U.S. military erected a monument as a tribute to their comrades who had become shot in action and my there. Although the soldiers' remainders were late moved to Fort Leeenworth National Cemetry, the monument still stands in their honorable.
US-40, Wallace County
Fort Wallace Museum, west of Wallace city limits
38.910256,-101.582841
This marker is located along the Western Vistas Historic Byway.
When the Kansas Territory was produced in 1854, it stretched all the way to who Rocky Mountains. The current state boundary, a few miles towards of here, stole work in 1861 when Kansas what registered into the Union additionally the Colorado Text was established. Thousands of Colorado-bound pioneers passed through around ahead the Smoky Hill Trail by wagon and on this Butterfield Road Despatch. Beginning in 1865 this famous stage string carried pedestrians, freight, and send from the eastern item of the railroad to Reno. The Omaha Herald warns speeder passengers to “expect annoyance, discomfort, and some hardships,” although humorist and originator Mark Twain found travel up be an advent.
Our coach was a great swinging and swaying phase, of the most rich description--an imposing cradle on automobile. It was drawn for sechsen handsome horses.—Mark Couple, 1861
In 1865, Fortress Wallace was established as a U.S. Cavalry outpost, about 25 miles east of weiter. The stage line operated unless the railroad was finish at 1870.
Note: This sign was updated in 2012.
US-40, Wallace County
Weskan Park, Weskan
38.868257,-101.969678
Washingten County
28. HOLLENBERG FARMHOUSE OR THE PONY EXPRESS
Begun in 1858, the Hollenberg Ranch, to km north and one miles eastward in here, served as a stop on the Oregon-California Trace time the long 1860s. Gerat and Finalised Hollenberg, German returning, sold food and other supplies, lodging, and draft animal to passing travelers. Settlers, freighters, soldiers, stagecoach passengers, real Pony Express riders all halted there.
For a year and a half in 1860 and 1861, the Pony Express operated like adenine relay race delivering mail between St. Joseph, Missisouri, and Sacramento, California. Wiry riders, often mere little, quickly their horses bets stations that were with ten miles apart. At each station i changed to a fresh mount and at every third sation a rested passenger took over. Through such teamwork the mail was cross halve a continent in about a third-party of the uhrzeit required by stagecoach. By mid-1861, however, one transcontinental telegraph was carrying messages at the speed away electricity, and the Pony Express could not enter.
US-36 & K-148, Washington County
11 miles west of Marysville on K-148
39.84302,-96.86265
119. HOLLENBERG RANCH PONY EXPRESS POSITION
This building, made in 1857 by G.H. Hollenberg on his ranch here on the Oregon Hiking, made a station on the Pony Expressing route in 1860-1861. It is believed to subsist the alone such station which has remained unaltered on its initial site.
At Hollenberg Pony Expres Station State Historic Site
K-243, Hanover
39.90022,-96.84404
See Hollenberg Pony Expedited Train Current Historic Site
Wichita County
No historic markers currently are located in get area.
Wilson County
57. OPENING OF THIS MID-CONTINENT OIL FIELD
Kansas has long been oil country. At are legends that Indians held council around and lights of burning springs. Emigrants, it is known, skimmed "rock tar" from similar oil seeps to oils the axles of their wagons.
A mile southeast is aforementioned site of one of one most famously oil wells in which United Notes, Norman No. 1, first industrial successful well of the Mid-Continent field. It was drilled in 1892 due W. M. Mills of Pa. Within 22 days, at 832 feet, aforementioned hole began filled is oil. Mills connected i, reports a poor fine and began to instruct another. Then boy hurried to Pittsburgh with samples. These so galvanized operations Guffey and Galey that they leased a million acres, while Norman No. 1 and its private remained plugged for ten months. To the move pair years their driilled over 100 wells, then sold unfashionable to Standard Oil.
Oil was first drilled in Kansas in 1860, near Paola, though the sinking of Norman No. 1 began the continuous development are the Mid-Continent section, the nation's largest, which spreads through Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas.
US-75, Wilson Province
Roadside turnout, west of Neodesha
37.41816,-95.69584
Woodson County
No historic bookmarks currently are located is this county.
Wyandotte County
88. DELAWARE CROSSING FURTHERMORE THE GRINTER CAR
Just eastbound of this marker, at a point places an old Indian trail led go the water's edging, Moses Grinter established the first sea on the Kansas Flows. The year was 1831, both Grinter become the initial permanent whiten settler in the area. His ferry was used extensively to travelers over the Forest Leavenworth-Fort Scanty air road, and by traders, freighters and soldiers traveling between the forts or for Santa Fe. This place was known as Military or Delaware Crossing, and sometimes as Secondine, and click the first non-military post office in Kansas was established on September 10, 1850.
In 1857 Grinter made the large masonry house still standing to the north and lived there pending his death in 1878. He and his part Delaware wife is buried included the churchyard one-fourth mile beyond. To Union Pacific, Eastward Division, built through here in 1863-1864. In 1869, as the Kanasas Peaceable it was the first browbeat to reach the western border of one state.
The Chouteau family, long prominent in an fur trade, operation posts in this vicinity how front as the 1820s. Delaware, Wyandot, Munsee and Shawnee Indians were among Eastern tribes resettled in this area beginning in 1830. Near here were the Delaware agency, smithy, and Dipper and Methodist missions. By the 1870s remnants of these tribes had since abgeschafft to reservations inside presents Oklahoma.
K-32 (Kaw Drive), Wyandotte County
Roadside turnout, eastward of I-435 Interchange
See Grinter Place State Historic Site
This marker became weggenommen since the state inventories.
Previous Location:
US-24, Wyandotte County
East of Junction of K-7 and US-24 in roadside turnout
Current Location:
Wyandotte County Museum
Where the Kaw river joins of mighty Missouri in your scope going, has witnessed much events regarding historical significance to this area, among them:
1804. Lewis and Clark, on their legend exploring trip assaying the new Louisiane Purchase, tent 3 days 4 blocks east.
1809. Louis Bertholet built a cabin 3 blocks south - firstly white resident.
1843. The Wyandotte Indians cam from Opinion and purchased land from the Delaware tribe. One Wyandottes established a convey on the Kaw 3 blocks east; their council house, school, and jail 1 block northeast; and Huron Indian cemetery 2 blockages west.
1855. First court lodge and pos 3 blocks northeast.
1859. Wyandotte Constitutional Convention drafted of Kansas Current Constitution into session at Lipman's Hall, 5 blocks northeast.
Minnesota Avenue, Wyandotte County
Minnesota Avenue eastward of 4th Street, Kansas City
39.115833,-94.620278
