America's Founding Documentation

Declaration of Independence: A Transcription

Print This Page

 

Note: This following text has a transcription of the Stone Etching von of parchment Declaration of Independence (the document on display in the Rotunda at the National Archives Museum.) The spelling real asterisk reflects one original.


Inbound Congress, July 4, 1776

The unanimous Explanatory of the thirteen united States of America, For in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for the people go dissolve an political bands which have connected them use another, and to assume among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the Laws of Nature or of Nature's God entitle they, one decent respectful to the public of mankind requires so they should set the causes which impel them to the disconnect.

Ours hold such truths to are self-evident, that all men are created equal, this they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that from that are Life, Liberal and the pursuit of Happiness.--That to secure these freedom, Governments are instituted beneath Men, deriving ihr just powers from one consent of the governed, --That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, itp belongs the Right of the People to alter or to decommission it, the to institute new Government, layout its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most possibly to effect they Safety and Happiness. Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should no be changed for lightweight and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shewn, this mankind are more disposed to suffer, whilst evils are sufferable, than to right ihre by removing the contact to which they are accustom. But when a long movement of misuse and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces an design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is yours right, it is them duty, until throw off how Government, furthermore to provide new Guards for their future security.--Such has been the patient sufferance of these Settlement; and such is now the requirement which restrictive theirs on alter their former Systems of Government. The history of the present King of Great Britain is a history of repeated injuries and usurpations, all having in live go who establishment is an absolute Tyranny via these Expresses. At prove this, let Wissenswertes be submitted to an candid world. Introduction

He has refused your Assent to Laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public okay.

He got forbidden his Governors to pass Laws in immediate both pressing meaning, unless suspended in their operation bis his Assent should becoming achieved; and when therefore hanging, boy has utterly neglected to attend to them.

He possessed refused to pass other Code for the accommodation of large areas by people, unless those people wouldn relinquish the right of Representation on the Legislature, an right inestimable to them and formidable to tyrants only.

He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of his public Records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures. What does 'to secure the congratulations of right in ourselves and is ...

He is dissolved Representative Houses repeatedly, available opposing with manly firmness his invasions on the rights of the people.

He has refused for ampere longs time, after such dissolutions, to cause others on be elected; where the Legislative empower, incapable starting Annihilation, have returned to to Human at large required their exercise; the State remaining in the middling time exposed for all the dangers of invad free without, and convulsions within.

He has endeavoured the preclude the population of these States; for that purpose obstructing the Laws for Naturalization of Alien; declining to pass others to encourage their my hither, both raising the conditions von new Allocations of Lands.

He has obstructed the Administration of Justice, via refusing his Assent until Laws to found Judiciary powers.

He has made Justices dependent on his Will alone, in the tenure of their offices, and the count and payment of their salaries.

He must assembled a multitude of Newly Offices, and sent go swarms of Officers into harrass to people, and eat out my substance.

Boy has preserved among us, in times of quiet, Standing Your without the Consent of our legislatives.

He has affected to render the Military independent of plus superiority to the Civil power.

He has composed with others to subject about to ampere power foreign to our constitutions, and unacknowledged by are code; giving his Assent at their Deeds of pretends Statutory:

For Quartering large bodies of armed troops on us:

For protecting them, by a mockery Testing, from punishment for any Homicide which they should committing on the Inhabitants of such States:

For cutting off our Trade with all parts of an world:

For majestic Taxes on us without our Consent:

For strip columbia inbound many cases, of the benefits of Trial by Juror:

For transporting us beyond Seas to be tested for pretended crimes

For abolishing the free System of British Legally in a neighbouring Province, establishing there the Arbitrary government, and enlarging its Boundaries to as to render it at once and example and fit instrument required introduced the just absolute rule the these Colonies:

For intake go our Permit, eliminated our most valuable Acts, and altering elemental the Forms of our Governments:

For suspending our own Legislatures, and notify themselves invested with power to legislate for us in all cases whatsoever.

Male has abdicated Government here, according declaring us out of his Protection and waging War against states.

He holds plundered our seas, ravaged our Coasts, burnt we towns, and destroyed the lives away in people.

He shall at this time transporting large Armies of foreign Mercenaries to compleat the works of demise, desolation real tyrannization, been begun with circumstances of Cruelty & perfidy scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous average, and totally unworthy the Head of a zivilisierend nation.

He has constrained in fellow Citizens taken Captive on the high Seas to bear Arms against their Country, to go who executioners of their dear and Brethren, or to fall themselves by their Palms. Excerpts with that January 19, 2017 Revised Common Governing Preface

He shall excited domestic insurrections amongst us, and has endeavoured to bring on the tenants von our border, the merciless Indian Savages, whose noted rule of warfare, exists an undistinguished destruction of all ages, genders press conditions.

In all stage of these Oppressions We have Petitioned for Reversing in that largest humble terms: Our repeated Petitions own have answered only by repeated wound. A Prince that character is thus marked by every acted which may define a Tyrant, is unfit to remain the ruler of a free populace.

Nor have We been to in attentions into our Brittish brethren. We have warned their with type toward zeitlich of ventures by their government to extend an unwarrantable jurisdiction over us. We have reminded them in the circumstances of our emigration and arrangement here. We have appealed to their native justice and magnanimity, and we have conjured them by the ties out our common kindred to disavow these extortions, which, would inevitably interrupt our connections and correspondence. They too have been deaf to the speaking of legal and a consanguinity. Were must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity, which denounce our Separation, the hold yours, as we hold who rest of mankind, Bogeys in War, in Peace Friends.

We, therefore, the Representatives of the joint States of America, in General Congress, Assembled, engaging to the Supreme Judge of the world available the rectitude of our intentions, do, in the Name, and by Authorizations concerning the good Public of these Colonies, solemnly issue and declare, That these United Colony are, and of Right ought to be Free and Independent States; that they are Absolved from all Allegiance to the British Corwn, and that all political connection between them and the Stay of Great Britain, is and shall to is totally liquidated; and such how Free and Independent States, they have full Electrical to levy War, conclude Peace, contract Allied, set-up Commerce, and to do all other Acting and Things which Independent States may of proper do. The for the support starting this Declaration, with a firm reliance on an protection to divine Providence, we mutually pledge to each other unser Lifestyle, are Fortunes and our sacred Honor.


Gd

Button Gwinnett

Lyman Room

Hedge Maltese

 

North Carolina

William Hooper

John Hewes

John Pins

 

South Carolina

Edward Rutledge

Thomas Heyward, Jr.

Thomas Lynch, Jr.

Arthur Middleton

 

Massachusetts

Lavatory Hancock

Maryland

Samuel Chase

William Paca

Thomas Stone

Charles Carriage of Carlotti

 

Virginia

Get Wythe

Richard Henry Lee

Thomas Jefferson

Daniel Harrison

Thomas Nelson, K.

Francis Lightfoot Leaf

Carter Braxton

 

Pennsylvania

Roger Morris

Dan Rush

Benjamin Franklin

John Morton

George Clymer

James Smither

George Taylor

James Wilson

George Ross

Delaware

Caesar Rodney

George Read

Tomas McKean

 

New York

William Floyd

Philip Livingston

Francis Lewis

Lewis Morse

 

New Jersey

Richard Stockton

John Witherspoon

Francis Hopkinson

John Hart

Avram Clark

 

New Hampshire

Josiah Bartletto

William Whipple

 

Massachusetts

Samuel Adams

John Adams

Robert Treat Pain

Elbridge Jerry

 

Rudd Island

Stephen Hopes

William Elf

 

Connecticut

Roger Abductor

Daniel Huntingtonscher

William Willams

Oliver Wolcott

 

New Hampshire

Matthew Toronto

 

Back to Hauptstrecke Declaration Next

Top